The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, Volume 03 (of 11)
Thomas Hobbes · en
To these places may be added also that of _Genesis_, (iii. 5) _Ye shall
be as gods, knowing good and evil_. And (_verse_ 11) _Who told thee that
thou wast naked? hast thou eaten of the tree, of which I commanded thee
thou shouldest not eat?_ For the cognizance or judicature of _good_ and
_evil_, being forbidden by the name of the fruit of the tree of
knowledge, as a trial of Adam’s obedience; the devil to inflame the
ambition of the woman, to whom that fruit already seemed beautiful, told
her that by tasting it, they should be as gods, knowing _good_ and
_evil_. Whereupon having both eaten, they did indeed take upon them
God’s office, which is judicature of good and evil; but acquired no new
ability to distinguish between them aright. And whereas it is said, that
having eaten, they saw they were naked; no man hath so interpreted that
place, as if they had been formerly blind, and saw not their own skins:
the meaning is plain, that it was then they first judged their
nakedness, wherein it was God’s will to create them, to be uncomely; and
by being ashamed, did tacitly censure God himself. And thereupon God
saith; _Hast thou eaten, &c._ as if he should say, doest thou that owest
me obedience, take upon thee to judge of my commandments? Whereby it is
clearly, though allegorically, signified, that the commands of them that
have the right to command, are not by their subjects to be censured, nor
disputed.
[Sidenote: Sovereign power ought in all commonwealths to be absolute.]
So that it appeareth plainly, to my understanding, both from reason, and
Scripture, that the sovereign power, whether placed in one man, as in
monarchy, or in one assembly of men, as in popular, and aristocratical
commonwealths, is as great, as possibly men can be imagined to make it.
And though of so unlimited a power, men may fancy many evil
consequences, yet the consequences of the want of it, which is perpetual
war of every man against his neighbour, are much worse. The condition of
man in this life shall never be without inconveniences; but there
happeneth in no commonwealth any great inconvenience, but what proceeds
from the subject’s disobedience, and breach of those covenants, from
which the commonwealth hath its being. And whosoever thinking sovereign
power too great, will seek to make it less, must subject himself, to the
power, that can limit it; that is to say, to a greater.