The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, Volume 03 (of 11)
Thomas Hobbes · en
And, to descend to particulars, the people are to be taught, first, that
they ought not to be in love with any form of government they see in
their neighbour nations, more than with their own, nor, whatsoever
present prosperity they behold in nations that are otherwise governed
than they, to desire change. For the prosperity of a people ruled by an
aristocratical, or democratical assembly, cometh not from aristocracy,
nor from democracy, but from the obedience, and concord of the subjects:
nor do the people flourish in a monarchy, because one man has the right
to rule them, but because they obey him. Take away in any kind of state,
the obedience, and consequently the concord of the people, and they
shall not only not flourish, but in short time be dissolved. And they
that go about by disobedience, to do no more than reform the
commonwealth, shall find they do thereby destroy it; like the foolish
daughters of Peleus, in the fable; which desiring to renew the youth of
their decrepid father, did by the counsel of Medea, cut him in pieces,
and boil him, together with strange herbs, but made not of him a new
man. This desire of change, is like the breach of the first of God’s
commandments: for there God says, _Non habebis Deos alienos_; Thou shalt
not have the Gods of other nations; and in another place concerning
_kings_, that they are _Gods_.
[Sidenote: Nor adhere, against the sovereign, to popular men.]
Secondly, they are to be taught, that they ought not to be led with
admiration of the virtue of any of their fellow-subjects, how high
soever he stand, or how conspicuously soever he shine in the
commonwealth; nor of any assembly, except the sovereign assembly, so as
to defer to them any obedience, or honour, appropriate to the sovereign
only, whom, in their particular stations, they represent; nor to receive
any influence from them, but such as is conveyed by them from the
sovereign authority. For that sovereign cannot be imagined to love his
people as he ought, that is not jealous of them, but suffers them by the
flattery of popular men, to be seduced from their loyalty, as they have
often been, not only secretly, but openly, so as to proclaim marriage
with them _in facie ecclesiæ_ by preachers, and by publishing the same
in the open streets: which may fitly be compared to the violation of the
second of the ten commandments.
[Sidenote: Nor to dispute the sovereign power.]
Thirdly, in consequence to this, they ought to be informed, how great a
fault it is, to speak evil of the sovereign representative, whether one
man, or an assembly of men; or to argue and dispute his power; or any
way to use his name irreverently, whereby he may be brought into
contempt with his people, and their obedience, in which the safety of
the commonwealth consisteth, slackened. Which doctrine the third
commandment by resemblance pointeth to.
[Sidenote: And to have days set apart to learn their duty.]