The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, Volume 03 (of 11)
Thomas Hobbes · en
To understand therefore what is a miracle, we must first understand what
works they are, which men wonder at, and call admirable. And there be
but two things which make men wonder at any event: the one is, if it be
strange, that is to say, such as the like of it hath never, or very
rarely been produced: the other is, if when it is produced, we cannot
imagine it to have been done by natural means, but only by the immediate
hand of God. But when we see some possible, natural cause of it, how
rarely soever the like has been done, or if the like have been often
done, how impossible soever it be to imagine a natural means thereof, we
no more wonder, nor esteem it for a miracle.
Therefore, if a horse or cow should speak, it were a miracle; because
both the thing is strange, and the natural cause difficult to imagine.
So also were it to see a strange deviation of nature, in the production
of some new shape of a living creature. But when a man, or other animal,
engenders his like, though we know no more how this is done, than the
other; yet because it is usual, it is no miracle. In like manner, if a
man be metamorphosed into a stone, or into a pillar, it is a miracle;
because strange: but if a piece of wood be so changed; because we see it
often, it is no miracle: and yet we know no more by what operation of
God, the one is brought to pass, than the other.
The first rainbow that was seen in the world, was a miracle, because the
first; and consequently strange; and served for a sign from God, placed
in heaven, to assure his people, there should be no more any universal
destruction of the world by water. But at this day, because they are
frequent, they are not miracles, neither to them that know their natural
causes, nor to them who know them not. Again, there be many rare works
produced by the art of man: yet when we know they are done; because
thereby we know also the means how they are done, we count them not for
miracles, because not wrought by the immediate hand of God, but of human
industry.
[Sidenote: That which seemeth a miracle to one man, may seem otherwise
to another.]