The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, Volume 05 (of 11) — Thomas Hobbes — John Shaqi
The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, Volume 05 (of 11)
Thomas Hobbes · en
_J. D._ “Fifthly and lastly, the divine labours to find out a way how
liberty may consist with the prescience and decrees of God. But of this
I had not very long since occasion to write a full discourse, in answer
to a treatise against the prescience of things contingent. I shall for
the present only repeat these two things. First, we ought not to desert
a certain truth, because we are not able to comprehend the certain
manner. God should be but a poor God, if we were able perfectly to
comprehend all his actions and attributes. Secondly, in my poor
judgment, which I ever do and ever shall submit to better, the readiest
way to reconcile contingence and liberty with the decrees and prescience
of God, and most remote from the altercations of these times, is to
subject future contingents to the aspect of God, according to that
presentiality which they have in eternity. Not that things future, which
are not yet existent, are co-existent with God: but because the infinite
knowledge of God, incircling all times in the point of eternity, doth
attain to their future being, from whence proceeds their objective and
intelligible being. The main impediment which keeps men from subscribing
to this way, is because they conceive eternity to be an everlasting
succession, and not one indivisible point. But if they consider, that
whatsoever is in God is God; that there are no accidents in him, (for
that which is infinitely perfect cannot be further perfected); that as
God is not wise, but wisdom itself, not just, but justice itself, so he
is not eternal, but eternity itself: they must needs conclude, that
therefore this eternity is indivisible, because God is indivisible; and
therefore not successive, but altogether an infinite point,
comprehending all times within itself.”
_T. H._ The last part of this discourse containeth his opinion about
reconciling liberty with the prescience and decrees of God, otherwise
than some divines have done; against whom he had formerly written a
treatise, out of which he only repeateth two things. One is, that “we
ought not to desert a certain truth, for not being able to comprehend
the certain manner of it”. And I say the same; as for example, that he
ought not to desert this certain truth: that there are certain and
necessary causes, which make every man to will what he willeth, though
he do not yet conceive in what manner the will of man is caused. And yet
I think the manner of it is not very hard to conceive: seeing that we
see daily, that praise, dispraise, reward, punishment, good and evil
sequels of men’s actions retained in memory, do frame and make us to the
election of whatsoever it be that we elect; and that the memory of such
things proceeds from the senses, and sense from the operation of the
objects of sense, which are external to us, and governed only by God
Almighty; and by consequence, all actions, even of free and voluntary
agents, are necessary.