The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, Volume 05 (of 11)
Thomas Hobbes · en
The other thing he repeateth is, that “the best way to reconcile
contingency and liberty with the prescience and decrees of God, is to
subject future contingents to the aspect of God”. The same is also my
opinion, but contrary to what he hath all this while laboured to prove.
For hitherto he held liberty and necessity, that is to say, liberty and
the decrees of God, irreconcilable; unless the aspect of God (which word
appeareth now the first time in this discourse) signify somewhat else
besides God’s will and decree, which I cannot understand. But he adds,
that we must subject them “according to that presentiality which they
have in eternity”; which he says cannot be done by them that conceive
eternity to be an everlasting succession, but only by them that conceive
it an indivisible point. To this I answer, that as soon as I can
conceive eternity to be an indivisible point, or any thing but an
everlasting succession, I will renounce all I have written on this
subject. I know St. Thomas Aquinas calls eternity _nunc stans_, an _ever
abiding now_; which is easy enough to say, but though I fain would, I
never could conceive it; they that can, are more happy than I. But in
the mean time he alloweth hereby all men to be of my opinion, save only
those that conceive in their minds a _nunc stans_; which I think are
none. I understand as little, how it can be true that “God is not just,
but justice itself, not wise but wisdom itself, not eternal but eternity
itself”: nor how he concludes thence that “eternity is a point
indivisible, and not a succession”: nor in what sense it can be said,
that an “infinite point,” &c, wherein is no succession, can “comprehend
all times,” though time be successive.
These phrases I find not in the Scripture. I wonder therefore what was
the design of the Schoolmen to bring them up; unless they thought a man
could not be a true Christian, unless his understanding be first
strangled with such hard sayings.
And thus much in answer to his discourse; wherein I think not only his
squadrons, but also his reserves of distinctions are defeated. And now
your Lordship shall have my doctrine concerning the same question, with
my reasons for it, positively and briefly as I can, without any terms of
art, in plain English.