The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, Volume 05 (of 11)
Thomas Hobbes · en
But why am I so mightily mistaken? Did not God foreknow that Uriah in
particular, should be murdered by David in particular? And what God
foreknoweth shall come to pass, can that possibly not come so to pass?
And that which cannot possibly not come to pass, doth not that
necessarily come to pass? And is not all necessity from God? I cannot
see this great mistake. “The general power,” saith he, “to act is from
God, but the specification to do this act upon Uriah, is not from God,
but from free-will.” Very learnedly. As if there were a power that were
not the power to do some particular act; or a power to kill, and yet to
kill nobody in particular. If the power be to kill, it is to kill that
which shall be by that power killed, whether it be Uriah or any other;
and the giving of that power, is the application of it to the act; nor
doth power signify anything actually, but those motions and present acts
from which the act that is not now, but shall be hereafter, necessarily
proceedeth. And therefore this argument is much like that which used
heretofore to be brought for the defence of the divine right of the
bishops to the ordination of ministers. They derive not, say they, the
right of ordination from the civil sovereign, but from Christ
immediately. And yet they acknowledge that it is unlawful for them to
ordain, if the civil power do forbid them. But how have they right to
ordain, when they cannot do it lawfully? Their answer is, they have the
right, though they may not exercise it; as if the right to ordain, and
the right to exercise ordination, were not the same thing. And as they
answer concerning right, which is legal power, so the Bishop answereth
concerning natural power, that David had a general power to kill Uriah
from God, but not a power of applying this power in special to the
killing of Uriah from God, but from his own free will; that is, he had a
power to kill Uriah, but not to exercise it upon Uriah, that is to say,
he had a power to kill him, but not to kill him, which is absurd.
(_e_) “But if the case be put why God doth punish one more than another,
or why he throws one into hell fire, and not another, which is the
present case between us; to say with T. H., that it is because God is
omnipotent, or because his power is irresistible, or merely because it
is his pleasure, is not only not warranted, but is plainly condemned by
St. Paul in this place.”