Examples of the second sort, as these: So _Israel_ is put for _those of Juda_ sometimes. So _nations_ for _the heathen_. _A minister_ of Christ for _an apostle_ of Christ, as Rom. xv. 16. _A minister_ put for _a distributer_, as Rom. xii. 7. On the other side, one sort or special is put for the whole sort or general, in the examples following. In the Lord’s prayer, _bread_, _one_ help of life, is put for _all_ helps; _this day_, _one_ time for _all_ times. So Solomon saith, _the thing of the day in his day_; that is, the thing of the time in his time. So sometimes less is spoken, and yet more is understood; which is called diminution, or _meiosis_. As James saith to him _that knoweth how to do well and doth it not, it is sin_; that is a great sin. So our Saviour Christ saith, _If they had not known, they had had no sin_; that is, no such great sin as they have now. Likewise the denial by comparison. So Solomon saith, _Receive my words, and not silver_; that is, my words rather than silver. So Paul saith, _I was sent to preach, and not to baptize_; that is, not so much to baptize as to preach. Hitherto of the fineness of words, which note out no comparison. Now followeth the fineness of words which noteth out comparison, called a _metaphor_. ========== CHAPTER III. A _metaphor_ is when the like is signified by the like: as (1 Cor. iii. 13) the Apostle saith, _doctrine must be tried by fire_; that is, the evidence of the word, spirit, _trying doctrine_, as fire doth metals. So Christ is said to _baptize with fire_; where _fire_ is put for the power of the Holy Ghost, purging as fire. So Christ saith, _none shall enter into the kingdom of God but he that is born of the Holy Ghost and water_. So Paul calleth himself the _father_ of the Corinthians, and said, _that he begat them in Christ_. So he calleth Timothy and Titus his natural _sons in the faith_. Hitherto of a trope or garnishing of speech in one word, where the metaphor is most usual; then the change of name; then the _synechdoche_; and last of all, the _irony_. Now followeth the fine frame or shape of speech, called a figure. A figure is a garnishing of speech wherein the course of the same is changed, from the more simple and plain manner of speaking unto that which is more full of excellency and grace. For as in the fineness of words, or a trope, words are considered asunder by themselves; so in the fine shape or frame of speech, or a figure, the apt and pleasant joining together of many words is noted. The garnishing of the shape of speech, or a figure, is garnishing of speech in words, or in a sentence. The garnishing of speech in words, called _figura dictionis_, is wherein the speech is garnished by the pleasant and sweet sound of words joined together. This is either in the _measure_ of sounds; or in the _repetition_ of sounds.