The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, Volume 07 (of 11) — Thomas Hobbes — John Shaqi
The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, Volume 07 (of 11)
Thomas Hobbes · en
_B._ You know the rubbing or hard pressing of the eye, or a stroke upon
it, makes an apparition of light without and before it, which way soever
you look. This can proceed from nothing else but from the restitution of
the organ pressed or stricken, unto its former ordinary situation of
parts. Does not the sun by his thrusting back the air upon your eyes
press them? Or do not those bodies whereon the sun shines, though by
reflection, do the same, though not so strongly? And do not the organs
of sight, the eye, the heart, and brains, resist that pressure by an
endeavour of restitution outwards? Why then should there not be without
and before the eye, an apparition of light in this case as well as in
the other?
_A._ I grant there must. But what is that which appears after the
pressing of the eye? For there is nothing without that was not there
before; or if there were, methinks another should see it better, or as
well as he; or if in the dark, methinks it should enlighten the place.
_B._ It is a fancy, such as is the appearance of your face in a
looking-glass; such as is a dream; such as is a ghost; such as is a spot
before the eye that hath stared upon the sun or fire. For all these are
of the regiment of fancy, without any body concealed under them, or
behind them, by which they are produced.
_A._ And when you look towards the sun or moon, why is not that also
which appears before your eyes at that time a fancy?
_B._ So it is. Though the sun itself be a real body, yet that bright
circle of about a foot diameter cannot be the sun, unless there be two
suns, a greater and a lesser. And because you may see that which you
call the sun, both above you in the sky, and before you in the water,
and two suns, by distorting your eye, in two places in the sky, one of
them must needs be fancy. And if one, both. All sense is fancy, though
the cause be always in a real body.
_A._ I see by this that those things which the learned call the
accidents of bodies, are indeed nothing else but diversity of fancy, and
are inherent in the sentient, and not in the objects, except motion and
quantity. And I perceive by your doctrine you have been tampering with
_Leviathan_ . But how comes wood with a certain degree of heat to shine,
and iron also with a greater degree; but no heat at all to be able to
make water shine?
_B._ That which shineth hath the same motion in its parts that I have
all this while supposed in the sun and earth. In which motion there must
needs be a competent degree of swiftness to move the sense, that is, to
make it visible. All bodies that are not fluid will shine with heat, if
the heat be very great. Iron will shine and gold will shine; but water
will not, because the parts are carried away before they attain to that
degree of swiftness which is requisite.
_A._ There are many fluid bodies whose parts evaporate, and yet they
make a flame, as oil, and wine, and other strong drinks.