The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, Volume 07 (of 11)
Thomas Hobbes · en
I come now to Stephen, who, in his index, and in the word ποδίζω, gives
the derivation of _Empusa_. Ποδιζω, _gradior, incedo_, (not to hop) _sic
Suidas_ Ἔμπουσαν _dictam ait_ παρὰ το ἑνὶ ποδιζειν. In the index thus:
_sunt qui dictam putent_ παρὰ τὸ ἑνὶ ποδὶζειν, _quod uno incedat pedi,
quasi_ Ἔμπουσαν, _alterum enim pedem æneum habet_. But neither Stephen,
nor any else, except _Suidas_, whom the hypercritical Doctor had not
seen, no, not the Scholiast of Aristophanes (a better critic than Mr.
Hobbes) doth relate the etymology as their own. Nay, there is not one
that saith _Empusa_ hopped on one leg, which is to be proved out of
them. The great Etymological Dictionary deriveth it παρὰ τὸ ἐμποδιζειν,
to _hinder_, _let_, &c. its apparition being a token of ill luck. But,
as to the Doctor’s deduction, it saith, Ἔμπουσα Ψιλοῦπαι, εἰ καὶ δοκεῖ
παρὰ τὸ ἕνα συγκεῖσθαι. It doth only _seem_ so. And it is strange that
ἑν should not alter only its _aspiration_, but change its ν into μ,
which I can hardly believe admittable in Greek, least there should be no
difference betwixt its derivatives and those of ἐν. When I consider the
several μορμόνες which the Grecians had, some whereof did fly, some had
no legs, &c., I can think that the origin of this name may have been
thus: some amazed person saw a _spectrum_, and, giving another notice of
it, his companion might answer, it is Βριμὼ, Μορμὼ Ἡκὰτη, but he,
meeting with a new phantasm, cries, ἐν ποσὶ βαίνει or βαδίζει, for which
apprehension of his, somebody coined this expression of Ἔμποῦσα. It may
also be possibly deduced from Ἐμποδὶζω, so that τύχη ἐμποδιζουσα might
afterwards be reduced to the single term of _Empusa_. Nor do I much
doubt but that those who are conversant in languages, and know how that
several expressions are often jumbled together to make up one word upon
such like cases, will think this a probable origination. I believe,
then, that Mr. Hobbes’s friend did never tell him it was in Eustathius,
or that _Empusa_ was an _hopping phantasm_. It had two legs and went
upon both, as a man may upon a wooden leg. Ἔμποῦσα is also a name for
Lamia, and such was that which Menippus might have married, which, I
suppose, did neither hop nor go upon one leg, for he might have
discovered it. But Mr. Hobbes did not except against the derivation,
(although he might justly, derivations made afterwards carrying more of
fancy than of truth, and the Doctor is not excused for asserting what
others barely relate, none approve), but asked him where that is, in
what authors _he read that boys’ play to be so called_. To which
question, the Doctor, to show his reading and the good authors he is
conversant in, replies, _in Junius’s Nomenclator, Rider and Thomas’s
Dictionary, sufficient authors in such a business_, which, methinks, no
man should say that were near to so copious a library. It is to be
remembered that the trial now is in Westminster School, and amongst