“We think a triangle as object in so far as we are conscious of the
combination of three straight lines according to a rule by which
such an intuition can at all times be generated. This unity of rule
determines the whole manifold and limits it to conditions which
make the unity of apperception possible; and the concept of this
unity [of rule] is the representation of the object.... All
knowledge demands a concept, ... and a concept is always, as
regards its form, something general, something that serves as a
rule. Thus the concept of body serves as a rule to our knowledge of
outer appearances, in accordance with the unity of the manifold
which is thought through it.... The concept of body necessitates
... the representation of extension, and therewith of
impenetrability, shape, etc.”[775]
Such is the manner in which Kant accounts for our concept of the
transcendental object. It consists of two main elements: first, the
notion of an unknown _x_, to which representations may be referred; and
secondly, the consciousness of this _x_ as exercising compulsion upon
the order of our thinking. The former notion is framed on the pattern of
the transcendental subject; it is conceived as another but unknown
subject. The consciousness of it as a source of external necessity is
mediated by the empirical concepts which transcendental apperception
also makes possible. And from this explanation of the _origin_ of the
concept of the transcendental object Kant derives the proof of its
_validity_.[776] It is indispensable for the realisation by the unitary
self of a unitary consciousness.
“This relation [of representations to an object] is nothing else
than the necessary unity of consciousness, and therefore also of
the synthesis of the manifold, by a common (_gemeinschaftlich_)
functioning of the mind, which unites it in one
representation.”[777]
Through instruments empirical in origin, and subjectively necessary, the
notion of an objective necessity is rendered possible to the mind.