Perpetual Peace: A Philosophical Essay

Kant · en
If it is our duty to realise a state of public right, if at the same
time there are good grounds for hope that this ideal may be realised,
although only by an approximation advancing _ad infinitum_, then
perpetual peace, following hitherto falsely so-called conclusions of
peace, which have been in reality mere cessations of hostilities, is
no mere empty idea. But rather we have here a problem which gradually
works out its own solution and, as the periods in which a given
advance takes place towards the realisation of the ideal of perpetual
peace will, we hope, become with the passing of time shorter and
shorter, we must approach ever nearer to this goal.




INDEX


  A

  Absolutism; of Hobbes, 43, 44;
    of Schopenhauer, 43;
    according to Kant, 43, 44, 125-128;
    to Locke, 44.

  Alexander I. of Russia; 80.

  Alexander the Great; 31, 103.

  Alsace-Lorraine; annexation of, 90, 92, 95.

  Ambrose, Saint; 15.

  Amphictyonic League; 16, 22.

  Aquinas, Thomas; on fighting clergy, 18;
    on war, 18, 19.

  Arbitration; as a substitute for war, 79, 81, 87;
    difficulties settled by, 80;
    where it is useless, 82, 83, 86.

  Aristotle; on war, 7, 8;
    and rights of an enemy, _ib._; 31;
    on the relation between politics and ethics, 162.

  Assyrians; war among the, 9.

  Augustine, Saint; 16.


  B

  Balance of power; 26, 95.

  Bentham, Jeremy; 26, 79, 92.

  Bluntschli, J. K.; 41, 73, 74, 80.


  C

  Caird, Edward; 3, 51.

  Calvin, John; 19.

  Carnegie, Andrew; 100.

  China; a danger to Europe, 92, 93, 140, 141.

  Cicero; on the conduct of war, 22, 41.

  Clement of Alexandria; 15.

  Clergy, fighting; Origen on, 14, 15;
    Wycliffe, 18;
    Erasmus, _ib._;
    Aquinas, _ib._

  Cobden, Richard; 64.

  Corvinus, Matthias; 109.

  Cowper, William; 5, 38, 123.

  Crusades, wars of the; 16, 103.


  D

  Dante, Alighieri; on mediation, 46;
    on universal monarchy, 68, 69.

  Disarmament; 88-93;
    Czar’s proposal of, 90;
    practicability of, 90-93.

  Dubois, Cardinal; 36.


  E

  Empire; of Rome, 9, 20, 68;
    world-, spiritual, 23, 32, 69;
    of Alexander the Great, 31, 68;
    Frankish, 69;
    Holy Roman 69;
    of Napoleon I., 69.

  Erasmus, Desiderius; and European peace, 17;
    on war, 18, 19;
    on fighting clergy, 18, 32.


  F

  Farrar, J. A.; 18.

  Federation; Kant’s idea of, 60, 68, 69, 128-137; 88, 92, 93, 95, 97;
    probable results of, 98, 99, 100, 134.

  Fichte, J. G.; 69, 99.

  Finland; 92, 95.

  Fischer, Kuno; 62, 67.

  Fleury, Cardinal; 55.

  Frederick the Great; 66, 126.


  G

  Gentilis, Albericus; 21, 32.

  Golden Age; 3, 41.

  Government; origin of, according to Plato, 5;
    according to Hume, 5, 52;
    to Cowper, 5, 6;
    to Hobbes, 40-42, 118, 119;
    to Kant, 51-54, 152-154;
    to Rousseau, 52;
    to Locke, 53;
    representative, 65-68, 120, 121, 124-128.