The Unwritten Literature of the Hopi — John Locke — John Shaqi
The Unwritten Literature of the Hopi
John Locke · en
Not until the breath feathers have been put up, together with particles
of food placed in the rafters as an offering to Masauwu, with due
prayers for the peace and prosperity of the new habitation, may the
women proceed to plaster the interior, to which, when it is dry, a coat
of white gypsum is applied (all with strokes of the bare hands), giving
the room a clean, fresh appearance. In one corner of the room is built a
fireplace and chimney, the latter often extended above the roof by
piling bottomless jars one upon the other, a quaint touch, reminding one
of the picturesque chimney pots of England.
[Illustration: Figure 3.--Typical Hopi Home.
--Courtesy Arizona State Museum.]
The roofs are finished flat and lived upon as in Mediterranean
countries, particularly in the case of one-story structures built
against two-story buildings, the roof of the low building making the
porch or roof-garden for the second-story room lying immediately
adjacent. Here, on the roof many household occupations go on, including
often summer sleeping and cooking.
When the new house is completely finished and dedicated, the owner gives
a feast for all members of her clan who have helped in the
house-raising, and the guests come bearing small gifts for the home.
Formerly, the house was practically bare of furniture save for the
fireplace and an occasional stool, but the majority of the Hopi have
taken kindly to small iron cook stoves, simple tables and chairs, and
some of them have iron bedsteads. Even now, however, there are many
homes, perhaps they are still in the majority, where the family sits in
the middle of the floor and eats from a common bowl and pile of piki
(their native wafer corn bread), and sleeps on a pile of comfortable
sheep skins with the addition of a few pieces of store bedding, all of
which is rolled up against the wall to be out of the way when not in
use.
In the granary, which is usually a low back room, the ears of corn are
often sorted by color and laid up in neat piles, red, yellow, white,
blue, black, and mottled, a Hopi study in corn color. Strings of native
peppers add to the colorful ensemble.
VI. MYTH AND FOLKTALE; GENERAL DISCUSSION
* * * * *
=Stability=
Because none of this material could be written down but was passed by
word of mouth from generation to generation, changes naturally occurred.
Often a tale traveled from one tribe to another and was incorporated, in
whole or in part, into the tribal lore of the neighbor--thus adding
something. And, we may suppose, some were more or less forgotten and
thus lost; but, as Wissler[12] tells us, "tales that are directly
associated with ceremonies and, especially, if they must be recited as a
part of the procedure, are assured a long life."
[Footnote 12: Wissler, Clark, Op. cit, p. 254.]