The Emperor Marcus Aurelius : $b A study in ideals
Marcus Aurelius · en
A philosophy which takes the brightness out of both lives, here and
beyond, reducing both to a dull grey mist, can never be a spiritual
force, and, if it prevailed, must result in the reversal of all
ordinary judgments of value. This was a conclusion frankly accepted by
the Stoics, and they carried it even to the extent of the abnegation
of man’s most absorbing desire--the will to live. A man may even deny
this: for adequate cause he may, nay, even _should_, take away his
own life. In ordinary circumstances man should stand at his post till
dismissed by his commander; he should play out the tragedy of life to
the end as arranged by the dramatist: for just cause he may quit the
stage before his part is played out. The reason is that between life
and death there is nothing to choose; they are but successive stages
of one and the same natural process. Marcus held that man may quit
life if he finds it intolerable. True, he says that life ought not
to be intolerable: it is our own fault if it is. But supposing that
through weakness we cannot bear it, then “we may give it the slip”;
and again because death is not the serious thing men imagine it to
be: “What great matter is this business of dying? If the gods exist,
you can suffer nothing, for they will do you no harm; and if they do
not, or if they take no care of us mortals--why, then a world without
gods or providence is not a world worth a man’s while to live in. But
in truth the being of the gods and their concern in human affairs is
beyond dispute.” If a man is of such a character or placed in such
circumstances that for him a virtuous life is morally impossible, then
Marcus says he has just cause for suicide, “for reason would rather
that you were nothing than that you were a knave.” “You may live now,
if you please, as you would choose to do if you were near to dying. But
suppose people will not let you--why, then, give life the slip, but by
no means make a misfortune of it. If the room smokes, I leave it, and
there is an end; for why should one be concerned at the matter?”