General Characteristics of the Period; the Visigothic Migrations; the Vandals; the Burgundians, Franks and Saxons; the Fall of the Empire in the West; the Survival of the Empire in the East. CHAPTER XXIV THE AGE OF JUSTINIAN: 518–565 A. D. 369 The Germanic Kingdoms in the West to 533 A. D.; the Restoration of the Imperial Power in the West; Justinian’s Frontier Problems and Internal Administration. CHAPTER XXV RELIGIOUS AND INTELLECTUAL LIFE IN THE LATE EMPIRE 385 The End of Paganism; the Church in the Christian Empire; Sectarian Strife; Monasticism; Literature and Art. EPILOGUE 403 CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE 405 BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE 415 INDEX 423 LIST OF MAPS The Roman Empire in the Second Century A. D. _Frontispiece_ PAGE The Peoples of Italy about 500 B. C. 14 The Environs of Rome 24 Roman Expansion in Italy to 265 B. C. 32 The Expansion of Rome in the Mediterranean World 68 265–44 B. C. The Roman Empire from 31 B. C. to 300 A. D. 204 The Roman Empire in 395 A. D. 332 The Roman Empire and the Germanic Kingdoms in 526 368 A. D. The Roman Empire in 565 A. D. 380 INTRODUCTION THE SOURCES FOR THE STUDY OF EARLY ROMAN HISTORY The student beginning the study of Roman History through the medium of the works of modern writers cannot fail to note wide differences in the treatment accorded by them to the early centuries of the life of the Roman State. These differences are mainly due to differences of opinion among moderns as to the credibility of the ancient accounts of this period. And so it will perhaps prove helpful to give a brief review of these sources, and to indicate the estimate of their value which is reflected in this book.