§ 1. Axiom of the uniformity of the course of nature 341 2. Not true in every sense. Induction _per enumerationem simplicem_ 346 3. The question of Inductive Logic stated 348 CHAPTER IV. _Of Laws of Nature._ § 1. The general regularity in nature is a tissue of partial regularities, called laws 351 2. Scientific induction must be grounded on previous spontaneous inductions 355 3. Are there any inductions fitted to be a test of all others? 357 CHAPTER V. _Of the Law of Universal Causation._ § 1. The universal law of successive phenomena is the Law of Causation 360 2. --_i.e._ the law that every consequent has an invariable antecedent 363 3. The cause of a phenomenon is the assemblage of its conditions 365 4. The distinction of agent and patient illusory 373 5. The cause is not the invariable antecedent, but the _unconditional_ invariable antecedent 375 6. Can a cause be simultaneous with its effect? 380 7. Idea of a Permanent Cause, or original natural agent 383 8. Uniformities of coexistence between effects of different permanent causes, are not laws 386 9. Doctrine that volition is an efficient cause, examined 387 CHAPTER VI. _Of the Composition of Causes._ § 1. Two modes of the conjunct action of causes, the mechanical and the chemical 405 2. The composition of causes the general rule; the other case exceptional 408 3. Are effects proportional to their causes? 412 CHAPTER VII. _Of Observation and Experiment._ § 1. The first step of inductive inquiry is a mental analysis of complex phenomena into their elements 414 2. The next is an actual separation of those elements 416 3. Advantages of experiment over observation 417 4. Advantages of observation over experiment 420 CHAPTER VIII. _Of the Four Methods of Experimental Inquiry._ § 1. Method of Agreement 425 2. Method of Difference 428 3. Mutual relation of these two methods 429 4. Joint Method of Agreement and Difference 433 5. Method of Residues 436 6. Method of Concomitant Variations 437