A System of Logic: Ratiocinative and Inductive, 7th Edition, Vol. II — John Stuart Mill — John Shaqi
A System of Logic: Ratiocinative and Inductive, 7th Edition, Vol. II
John Stuart Mill · en
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A
SYSTEM OF LOGIC
RATIOCINATIVE AND INDUCTIVE
VOL. II.
A
SYSTEM OF LOGIC
RATIOCINATIVE AND INDUCTIVE
BEING A CONNECTED VIEW OF THE
PRINCIPLES OF EVIDENCE
AND THE
METHODS OF SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATION
BY
JOHN STUART MILL
IN TWO VOLUMES
VOL. II.
SEVENTH EDITION
LONDON:
LONGMANS, GREEN, READER, AND DYER
MDCCCLXVIII
CONTENTS
OF
THE SECOND VOLUME.
BOOK III.
ON INDUCTION.--(_Continued._)
CHAPTER XIV. _Of the Limits to the Explanation of Laws of
Nature; and of Hypotheses._
§ 1. Can all the sequences in nature be resolvable into one law? 3
2. Ultimate laws cannot be less numerous than the
distinguishable feelings of our nature 4
3. In what sense ultimate facts can be explained 7
4. The proper use of scientific hypotheses 8
5. Their indispensableness 16
6. Legitimate, how distinguished from illegitimate hypotheses 18
7. Some inquiries apparently hypothetical are really inductive 25
CHAPTER XV. _Of Progressive Effects; and of the Continued
Action of Causes._
§ 1. How a progressive effect results from the simple continuance
of the cause 29
2. --and from the progressiveness of the cause 33
3. Derivative laws generated from a single ultimate law 36
CHAPTER XVI. _Of Empirical Laws._
§ 1. Definition of an empirical law 38
2. Derivative laws commonly depend on collocations 39
3. The collocations of the permanent causes are not reducible
to any law 41
4. Hence empirical laws cannot be relied on beyond the limits
of actual experience 41
5. Generalizations which rest only on the Method of Agreement
can only be received as empirical laws 43
6. Signs from which an observed uniformity of sequence may be
presumed to be resolvable 44
7. Two kinds of empirical laws 47
CHAPTER XVII. _Of Chance, and its Elimination._
§ 1. The proof of empirical laws depends on the theory of chance 49
2. Chance defined and characterized 50
3. The elimination of chance 55
4. Discovery of residual phenomena by eliminating chance 57
5. The doctrine of chances 59
CHAPTER XVIII. _Of the Calculation of Chances._