The two pamphlets reproduced here belong to the fierce heightening in the pamphlet campaign against Robert Walpole that took place at the end of 1740. They represent only two efforts within a brief but furious encounter that gave rise to the publication of no fewer than nine separate poems. On Thursday, 23 October 1740, Thomas Cooper, "one of the most prolific printers and publishers of the pamphlet literature of the eighteenth century,"[1] published a savage denunciation of Walpole called _Are these things so?_[2] This pamphlet, which took the fictional form of an open letter from Alexander Pope, "An Englishman in his Grotto," to Robert Walpole, "A Great Man at Court," set off a round of verse writing among the party hacks of the day that vividly illustrates the close relationship between literature and politics in the first half of the eighteenth century. Within the space of two months eight further pamphlets directly related to this pamphlet and to Walpole's position as First Minister were published. Such a spate of literary activity is only remarkable, however, when compared with other ages. While it is inconceivable that the publication of any poem in our own day, even by a major writer, should arouse such a response, it is reasonably typical of the first half of the eighteenth century that the publication of an occasional poem by a minor, indeed anonymous, writer should do so. On Saturday, 8 November, two weeks after the opening blast, Cooper delivered a second volley, an equally fierce (although largely repetitive) denunciation of Walpole entitled _Yes, they are:_.[3] A week later still, on Saturday, 15 November, the first pro-Government riposte, called _What of That!_, was published,[4] followed three days later, on 18 November, by a second reply, _The Weather-Menders: A proper Answer to Are these things so?_[5] The second edition of _What of That!_ was published on the following Saturday, 22 November,[6] and a third pro-Walpole poem entitled _They are Not_, was also published at about this time.[7] At the end of November, or early in December, a reply to all three of these defences of Walpole appeared carrying the title, _Have at you All_.[8] On Tuesday, 2 December, the pro-Walpole forces returned to the attack again with a poem entitled _What Things?_[9] This was followed on Saturday, 6 December, by the second edition, "corrected, with the addition of twenty lines omitted in the former impressions" of _Are these things so?_,[10] and on Thursday, 18 December, by yet another anti-Walpole poem, _The Great Man's Answer_[11] purporting to be "by the author of _Are these things so?_." But the pro-Walpole forces were still not silenced and two days later on Saturday, 20 December, published _A Supplement to Are these things so?_,[12] an attack on the Patriot opponents of the Ministry. A month later still, on Friday, 23 January 1741,[13] the third edition of _They are Not_ was published. Hereafter