Are these Things So? (1740) The Great Man's Answer to Are These things So: (1740) — John Stuart Mill — John Shaqi
Are these Things So? (1740) The Great Man's Answer to Are These things So: (1740)
John Stuart Mill · en
In May and July 1738 Pope had published his devastating attacks on the
state of the country known as _The Epilogue to the Satires_. On 31
January 1739 Paul Whitehead published his attack on the artificialities
and disguises of Walpole's Ministry and the Court favourites in a poem
(which Boswell refers to as "brilliant and pointed"[29]) called
_Manners: A Satire_. At this point the government decided that it was
time they attempted to stop, or at least stem, these attacks. They were
not keen to confront Pope himself, but Whitehead presented a less
formidable opponent.[30] Consequently, in February 1739, he and his
publisher Robert Dodsley were summoned before the bar of the House of
Lords to account for the attacks on named individuals in _Manners_. On
Monday, 12 February, the poem "was voted scandalous, etc. by the Lords,
and the author and publisher ordered into custody, where Mr. Dodsley,
the publisher, was a week; but Mr. Paul Whitehead, the author,
absconds."[31] Whitehead anticipated this summons when he wrote in the
poem:
_Pope_ writes unhurt--but know, 'tis different quite
To beard the lion, and to crush the mite.
Safe may he dash the Statesman in each line,
Those dread his satire, who dare punish mine (p. 15).
Pope was then the ideal spokesman for our author's purposes: the mite
must dress up as the lion. It was admittedly almost two years since
Whitehead's original summons, but the incident was well enough
remembered to spur a gossip columnist writing in _The Daily Gazetteer_
on 11 November 1740 to suggest that Whitehead was the author of _Are
these things so?_ Whitehead, too, evidently felt the danger of the
situation for he deemed it necessary to publish a denial four days
later.[32]
In choosing Pope for his spokesman the author of _Are these things so?_
showed a full awareness of the political realities. He also showed a
detailed familiarity with Pope's life and work. There is nothing,
however, to indicate that such knowledge was reciprocal, or even to
indicate that Pope knew of the poem's existence. The only evidence that
Pope knew anything about Miller's work, if indeed Miller was the author,
comes in a letter Pope wrote to Caryll on 6 February 1731 in which he
praises _Harlequin Horace_ although he does not seem to know the
author's name.[33]