The twelve zodiacal constellations, which are of more importance than the rest, are generally named in the order in which the sun passes through them in its passage along the ecliptic, and both Latins and English have endeavoured to impress their names on the vulgar by embodying them in verses. The poet Ausonius thus catalogues them:-- "Sunt: Aries, Taurus, Gemini, Cancer, Leo, Virgo, Libraque, Scorpius, Arcitenens, Caper, Amphora, Pisces." and the English effusion is as follows:-- "The Ram, the Bull, the Heavenly Twins, And next the Crab the Lion shines, The Virgin and the Scales. The Scorpion, Archer, and He Goat, The Man that holds the watering-pot, And Fish with glittering scales." These twelve have hieroglyphics assigned to them, by which they are referred to in calendars and astronomical works, some of the marks being easily traced to their origin. Thus [symbol: aries] refers to the horns of the Ram; [symbol: taurus] to the head of the Bull; [symbol: scorpion] to the joints and tail-sting of the Scorpion; [symbol: saggitarius] is very clearly connected with an archer; [symbol: capricorn] is formed by the junction of the first two letters [Greek: t] and [Greek: r] in [Greek: tragos], the Sea-goat, or Capricorn; [symbol: libra] for the Balance, is suggestive of its shape; [symbol: aquarius] refers to the water in the Watering-pot; and perhaps [symbol: pisces] to the Two Fishes; [symbol: gemini] for Twins may denote two sides alike; [symbol: cancer] for the Crab, has something of its side-walking appearance; while [symbol: leo] for the Lion, and [symbol: virgo] for the Virgin, seem to have no reference that is traceable. These constellations contain the following stars of the first magnitude--Aldebaran, Antares, and Spica. To these constellations admitted by the Greeks should be added the Locks of Berenice, although it is not named by Ptolemy. It was invented indeed by the astronomer Conon. The story is that Berenice was the spouse and the sister of Ptolemy Euergetes, and that she made a vow to cut off her locks and devote them to Venus if her husband returned victorious; to console the king the astronomer placed her locks among the stars. If this is a true account Arago must be mistaken in asserting that the constellation was created by Tycho Brahe in 1603. The one he did add to the former ones was that of Antinoeus, by collecting into one figure some unappropriated stars near the Eagle. At about the same time J. Bayer, from the information of Vespuccius and the sailors, added twelve to the southern constellations of Ptolemy; among which may be mentioned the Peacock, the Toucan, the Phoenix, the Crane, the Fly, the Chameleon, the Bird of Paradise, the Southern Triangle, and the Indian. Augustus Royer, in 1679, formed five new groups, among which we may name the Great Cloud, the Fleur-de-Lis, and the Southern Cross.