Kilbroney, Rostrevor, Co. Down (R. Welch, photo. No. 1,932; _Jour. R. Soc. Ant. of Ireland_, vol. xxxiii., P. 55). Kilmainham (_Jour. R. Soc. Ant. of Ireland_, 5th ser., vol. x., p. 41). Cappagh, Co. Tyrone (_Jour. R. Soc. Ant. of Ireland_, vol. xxxiii., p. 52). Drumragh, Co. Tyrone (_Ibid._, vol. xxxiii., p. 54). FRANCE— Goulien, Finistère (_Ibid._, 5th ser., vol. viii., p. 167). As has already been pointed out, the bells of cast bronze are copies in another material of the wrought-iron bells, the quadrangular form of which had its origin in the method of construction out of a thin sheet of metal with riveted joints being still adhered to in the bronze bell, where joints were not required. The only difference in the shape of the iron and the bronze bells is that the latter have in most cases a flange, or an expansion and thickening of the metal round the mouth. The handles vary from those which are almost rectangular to those which are quite round. The bell still preserved in the church at Insh, near Kingussie, Inverness-shire, may be taken as a fair sample of the Celtic quadrangular bell of cast bronze without ornament. It is 10 inches high, and measures 9 inches by 7¾ inches at the mouth. The handle is oval and the mouth expanded. The remaining bells of the same class vary from 4 inches to 11 inches in height, with their other dimensions in proportion. There are three Celtic quadrangular bells of cast bronze without ornament, but inscribed, at the following places:— IRELAND— Clogher, Co. Tyrone (H. T. Ellacombe’s _Church Bells of Devon—Supplement_, p. 369). Armagh; now in the Museum of the R.I.A. at Dublin (M. Stokes’ _Early Christian Art in Ireland_, p. 65). BRITTANY— Stival (_Mémoires de l’Institut Impériale de France; Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres_, vol. xxiv., pt. ii., p. 387). The bell of Clogher is inscribed, in one horizontal line, with Roman capital letters— PATRICI The bell of Armagh is inscribed, in three horizontal lines, with Hiberno-Saxon minuscules— ✠ oroit ar chu mascach ṁ ailello “✠ A prayer for Cumascach, son of Ailell.” The bell of Stival is inscribed, in one vertical line, with Carlovingian minuscules— pirtur ficifti “Pirtur made this” (?). Or, according to the Vicomte Hersart de la Villemarqué: pir turfic is ti “Sweet-sounding art thou.” The Cumascach mentioned on the bell of Armagh was probably the steward of Armagh, who, according to the _Annals of the Four Masters_, died in A.D. 904, thus fixing the date of at least one of the bells of this class. Celtic quadrangular bells of cast bronze with ornamented handles exist at the following places:—