Amongst the objects of bone belonging to the Late-Celtic period the
most remarkable are the spatulæ, or flakes, of which no less than 5,000
are said to have been derived from cairn H of the Slieve-na-Caillighe
series, near Oldcastle, Co. Meath. These chambered cairns were in the
first instance erected as burial-places at the end of the Neolithic
Age or the beginning of the Bronze Age, and the one marked H on the
plan given in the _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._ (vol. xxvi., p. 294) appears
to have been used as a workshop by an artificer in bone during the
Early Iron Age. Ninety-one of the bone spatulæ from the cairn in
question were engraved by compass, with circles, curves, and ornamental
puncturings, and twelve were decorated on both sides. Unfortunately
the whole of the bones have been lost, and we only know what they were
like from the illustrations in E. Conwell’s _Tomb of Ollamh Fodhla_
(p. 53). A fragment of one of these bones which had been overlooked by
the previous explorers of the cairn has recently been brought to light
by Mr. E. Crofton Rotheram.[255] Perhaps the most interesting feature
connected with the bones from Slieve-na-Caillighe is the discovery
with them of the pair of iron compasses used in producing the incised
designs upon them.
[255] _Journ. R. Soc. Ant. Ireland_, ser. 5, vol. vi., p. 257.
Besides the bones just described, the other principal objects of
the same material belonging to the Late-Celtic period are certain
toilet-combs and spoon-shaped fibulæ, or dress-fasteners. Bone combs
with Late-Celtic ornament have been found on the inhabited site at
Ghegan Rock, near Seacliff, Haddingtonshire, and in the crannogs
at Lagore,[256] Co. Meath, Ballinderry,[257] Co. Westmeath; and at
Longbank crannog on the Clyde, near Glasgow. Spoon-shaped fibulæ of
bone have been derived from the Victoria Cave, Settle, the Kelko Cave,
Giggleswick, and Dowkerbottom Cave, Arncliffe, Yorkshire. The ornament
upon them consists of concentric circles and dots.[258]
In addition to wood and bone, the Late-Celtic people used Kimmeridge
shale for the manufacture of objects, chiefly turned vases with
cordons, like the Aylesford pots previously described. Vessels of
this kind have been found at Old Warden,[259] Bedfordshire, Great
Chesterford[260] and Colchester,[261] Essex, and Corfe Castle,[262]
Dorset.
[256] Sir W. Wilde’s _Catal. Mus. R.I.A._, p. 271, fig. 176.
[257] _Ibid._, p. 271, fig. 177.
[258] Prof. W. Boyd Dawkins’ _Cave-Hunting_, pp. 91 and 131.
[259] “On the Materials of Two Sepulchral Vessels found at Warden, Co.
Beds”, by the Rev. J. S. Henslow (_Cambridge Ant. Soc. Publ._, 1846).
[260] _Archæol. Jour._, vol. xiv., p. 85.
[261] Henslow, _loc. cit._, p. 87.
[262] _Archæol. Jour._, vol. xxv., p. 301.
STONEWORK