[Illustration: Late-Celtic Pottery from the Glastonbury Lake Village]
The art of the ornamental worker in wood in the Late-Celtic period is
displayed at its best in the tankards, buckets, and tubs of which,
fortunately, a few interesting specimens have been preserved. The
tankard from Trawsfynydd,[295] Merionethshire, now in the Liverpool
Museum, shows great ingenuity of construction, the staves of which it
is composed being kept together at the bottom by a corrugated wire
let into the ends of the staves. Another tankard, belonging to Mr.
T. Layton,[296] F.S.A., has the staves fastened together with wooden
dowels and pins.
[295] _Archæologia Cambrensis_, ser. 5, vol. xiii., p. 212.
[296] _Archæologia_, vol. lii., p. 359.
We have already described how the engraved patterns were produced on
the ornamental woodwork from the Glastonbury Marsh Village by a finely
pointed instrument, and afterwards burnt in.
Ornamental objects were also made out of bone and Kimmeridge shale
during the Late-Celtic period, but there is nothing special to call for
any comment in the technical methods employed, except to mention that
the patterns on the bone objects were often engraved by means of a pair
of compasses, and that the vessels of Kimmeridge shale were turned on a
lathe.
Of the basketry in which the Celts excelled in the time of Cæsar[297]
no specimens are now extant, but no doubt their natural talent for
decorative art showed itself in this native industry of Britain, as in
all others.
[297] C. Elton’s _Origins of English History_, p. 122.
LEADING CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LATE-CELTIC STYLE OF ART
Once the eye of a trained archæologist has become familiar with the
general appearance of the art products of the Late-Celtic school, it
is comparatively easy for him to recognise other products of the same
school almost by intuition; but he would find it a much more difficult
task if he were asked to define exactly what the peculiarities are
by which he is enabled to distinguish this particular style from any
other. Most of the decorative elements composing the style are of so
fantastic and original a nature as to impress themselves first on the
retina of the eye, and then on the mind; yet, on that very account,
they seem to elude the descriptive powers of the writer. The motives
employed are neither purely geometrical in character nor have they
been obviously arrived at by conventionalising natural forms, but are
something between the two, being (like the designs on the ancient
British coins) the result of successive copying. We will, however,
notwithstanding the difficulties that have been pointed out, endeavour
to analyse the decoration of the Late-Celtic period as far as it is
possible to do so.