Cough is the most prominent symptom and it is always present from the commencement of the affection, and apprehensive of this the parents seek medical assistance. The expectoration in young children is generally swallowed after each paroxysm of cough, hence the nature of it can rarely be seen. In the first part of the night the cough is always more severe than during the day, and the paroxysms may last from half to one minute, recurring several times in the hour. Some children are less disturbed in their sleep than others, for they sleep on, notwithstanding the cough, while others always awaken, become annoyed from the disturbance and cry. These interruptions in their night’s rest reduce them in strength and flesh. Children who cough more when laid on one or the other side than when they lie on their back and who distort their face when coughing or, when old enough, complain of pain during or after coughing have something more than a simple bronchitis; they have a complication of pleurisy or a pneumonia. There is always fever and this may run very high, so that the child becomes delirious; even before the fever becomes very pronounced or the cough very annoying, their little hands and faces feel hot to the touch, indicating that they are not well. Infants require good nursing when they are suffering from bronchitis, and it is not good to let them lie on their backs all of the time; when they have a coughing spell take them up quickly and lay them across the knees, with their faces downwards; this gives the mucus a chance to run out of the bronchial tubes and mouth which is better than swallowing it. The most important feature in the treatment of bronchitis is a warm room of even temperature night and day. If the temperature is allowed to go down during the night and the child inhales cold air into the lungs it will often bring on a relapse or aggravate the disease. When children have a cough and cold they must be kept warm in order to get well; this is no time for trying to harden them. A thermometer should be in every house and certainly in every bedchamber, so that the temperature of a room may be gauged to a certainty. In ordinary cases the temperature should not fall below seventy degrees Fahrenheit, and when the child coughs very much and the bronchitis is very bad it is best to keep the temperature of the room around eighty degrees night and day for several days, and as the patient improves, it is advisable to gradually drop to seventy. The application of oil and spirits of turpentine is advisable in all cases of cold in the chest; it does good and one can hardly explain how and why. For the cough an infant can take with great advantage three or four drops of syrup of ipecac together with the same amount of paregoric, every four hours; older children take larger doses in proportion. When scrofula or tuberculosis is at the bottom of the bronchitis, a reliable preparation of cod liver oil emulsion should also be administered.