When, in six weeks to three months after confinement, the womb has not returned to its previous healthy size, weight and state, or if the enlargement of the womb incident to pregnancy lasts longer than already specified, we have the disease termed subinvolution. It generally becomes complicated with inflammation of either the cavity of the womb or of its entire substance, and often the inflammation extends to all the other organs and tissues in the pelvis. Indiscretion in getting up too soon may cause this state of affairs. Taking cold and excessive exertion should be guarded against. A mother who has just been delivered must gradually feel her way as to how much and what she may or can do without jeopardizing her recovery. Pains in the pelvis, back, and thighs, or a heavy, dragging sensation after getting up, indicate a subinvolution. These symptoms should be attended to, because the longer they last the more obstinate the disease becomes. Lying on the back after confinement for ten or twelve days is not only injurious but an unnecessary hardship for every mother. It is one of the most fruitful causes of an abnormal position or falling back of the womb, and very often this excites diseases which greatly complicate the improper location of the organ. Retroversion and retroflexion of the womb will be considered more minutely later on. It is generally caused by this common error of nurses and physicians, who allow the delivered woman to lie and often insist on her lying on the back. Thus the womb gradually sinks backwards, instead of falling forwards, where it belongs: see Plate IV. Women will not generally feel that anything is wrong until some time after they are up and around. The first few weeks or months after confinement, persons are inclined to attribute their weakness, pains in the back or thighs, and other disagreeable sensations, to the natural consequences of what they have gone through. But after weeks roll into months, and their former strength and health do not return, then they seek the advice of a doctor, who will disclose to them the cause of their suffering. This can be avoided every time by changing the positions of lying, from one side to the other, and from the back to the stomach for a change; then naturally the womb will gradually resume its normal position, which is inclined forward and rests with its body over and on the bladder. All of these displacements should receive early and prompt attention. Antiseptic precautions. Only a few years ago this phrase was entirely unknown. It originated with the modern antiseptic treatment of wounds, and from the domain of surgery it has been transplanted into the department of obstetrics, in which the application of antiseptic principles has achieved the most brilliant triumphs. From this conception has sprung the germ theory of disease, which is now, beyond doubt, an established fact.