The Mexican population, now nearly all passed away by death or removal, were of a much better class than those who came in later with the advent of the railroads, to sell their labor—and their votes. It is but just to say, however, that votes cannot be sold unless there be purchasers, and that the purchasers have ever been of my own race. The villages below El Paso were more prosperous then than now, because their population is agricultural and the lack of water in the river in recent times has caused great discouragement and even distress. The same was true of Juarez, Mexico, just opposite El Paso, then called Paso del Norte. The county seat was first at San Elezario, twenty-two miles below El Paso, with fifteen hundred population, and later at Ysleta, with twelve hundred population (nearly all Mexicans), and still later at El Paso. Court proceedings and arguments to juries and political speeches were then made in the Spanish language. Fort Bliss, garrisoned by regular United States troops, situated at the place now called East El Paso, was considered by army officers and their families as one of the most desirable posts in the whole country, and several officers who subsequently held very high rank during the Civil War had been stationed there. There was another fort, called Quitman, seventy miles below El Paso, on the river, and a chain of military posts from there to San Antonio. The nearest posts in New Mexico were Fort Fillmore, forty miles to the north, near Las Cruces, and Fort Craig, one hundred miles still further north toward Santa Fe. As to hunting, there were at that time comparatively plenty of wild deer, turkeys, wild geese, ducks and mountain quail on the mountains and in the valley, and I got my share of them. [Illustration] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ ROSTER OF ANTE-BELLUM RESIDENTS OF EL PASO. J. F. Crosby, then district judge, Confederate; is well known in El Paso. Simeon Hart, mill owner and contractor, Confederate. Died at El Paso. Henry J. Cuniffe, merchant, Union man. Was United States Consul at Juarez. Died at Las Cruces. H. S. Gillett, merchant and Confederate, lives in New Mexico. J. S. Gillett, merchant, Confederate; lives in New Mexico. Col. Phil Herbert, lawyer, Confederate; killed in the war. Col. James W. Magoffin, contractor, Confederate; sutler at Fort Bliss. Died at San Antonio. Joseph Magoffin, Confederate; served in the war; now lives in El Paso. Sam Magoffin, Confederate; killed in the war. Anson Mills, engineer, Union; now brigadier general, U. S. A. Lives in Washington, D. C. W. W. Mills, clerk, Union; served in the war; now United States Consul at Chihuahua, Mexico. Emmett Mills, Union; killed in Indian fight in Arizona in 1861. Samuel Schutz, merchant and Union man; now in El Paso. Joseph Schutz, merchant, Union; died in 1895. Col. George H. Giddings, manager San Antonio Mail Co.