CONTENTS CONTENTS. CHAPTER I GENERAL REMARKS CHAPTER II WHAT UTILITARIANISM IS CHAPTER III OF THE ULTIMATE SANCTION OF THE PRINCIPLE OF UTILITY CHAPTER IV OF WHAT SORT OF PROOF THE PRINCIPLE OF UTILITY IS SUSCEPTIBLE CHAPTER V OF THE CONNEXION BETWEEN JUSTICE AND UTILITY ESSAYS ON SOME UNSETTLED QUESTIONS OF POLITICAL ECONOMY By John Stuart Mill CONTENTS PREFACE. CONTENTS. ESSAY I. Of the Laws of Interchange between Nations; and the Distribution of the Gains of Commerce among the Countries of the Commercial World ESSAY II. Of the Influence of Consumption upon Production ESSAY III. On the Words Productive and Unproductive ESSAY IV. On Profits, and Interest ESSAY V. On the Definition of Political Economy; and on the Method of Investigation proper to it PRINCIPLES OF POLITICAL ECONOMY By John Stuart Mill Contents Preface. Introductory. A Sketch Of The History Of Political Economy. Books For Consultation (From English, French, And German Authors). Preliminary Remarks. Book I. Production. Chapter I. Of The Requisites Of Production. § 1. The requisites of production. § 2. The Second Requisite of Production, Labor. § 3. Of Capital as a Requisite of Production. Chapter II. Of Unproductive Labor. § 1. Definition of Productive and Unproductive Labor. § 2. Productive and Unproductive Consumption. § 3. Distinction Between Labor for the Supply of Productive Consumption and Labor for the Supply of Unproductive Consumption. Chapter III. Of Capital. § 1. Capital is Wealth Appropriated to Reproductive Employment. § 2. More Capital Devoted to Production than Actually Employed in it. § 3. Examination of Cases Illustrative of the Idea of Capital. Chapter IV. Fundamental Propositions Respecting Capital. § 1. Industry is Limited by Capital. § 2. Increase of Capital gives Increased Employment to Labor, Without Assignable Bounds. § 3. Capital is the result of Saving, and all Capital is Consumed. § 4. Capital is kept up by Perpetual Reproduction, as shown by the Recovery of Countries from Devastation. § 5. Effects of Defraying Government Expenditure by Loans. § 6. Demand for Commodities is not Demand for Labor. Chapter V. On Circulating And Fixed Capital. § 1. Fixed and Circulating Capital. § 2. Increase of Fixed Capital, when, at the Expense of Circulating, might be Detrimental to the Laborers. § 3. -This seldom, if ever, occurs. Chapter VI. Of Causes Affecting The Efficiency Of Production. § 1. General Causes of Superior Productiveness. § 2. Combination and Division of Labor Increase Productiveness. § 3. Advantages of Division of Labor. § 4. Production on a Large and Production on a Small Scale. Chapter VII. Of The Law Of The Increase Of Labor. § 1. The Law of the Increase of Production Depends on those of Three Elements-Labor. Capital, and Land. § 2. The Law of Population. § 3. By what Checks the Increase of Population is Practically Limited. Chapter VIII. Of The Law Of The Increase Of Capital. § 1.