During the war a loud wail went up because a number of hams and a
quantity of bacon had been found in a decomposed condition at a certain
port. Had this occurred during pre-war days not a word would have found
its way into the public press, and the destructor alone would have
known of the incident. But because under war conditions the public
was directly affected--was clamouring for this particular article of
food--the wastage was declared to be intolerable. Fortunately, in this
instance, owing to our having become more enlightened, the spoiled food
was not totally lost. The fat was reclaimed, while the residue was
turned to its most profitable account.
At Liverpool, as at other centres where a vigilant eye is maintained
upon the clock of progress, it was speedily discovered that the methods
of handling such refuse were distinctly deprecatory. It was decided to
introduce improved practice. One material was treated as an experiment,
and the process was found to be profitable. Gradually other condemned
articles of food were taken in hand. This logical development of
salvage was continued, until to-day there is very little material
entering into the composition of the Liverpool dust-bin which does not
find some one or other useful application.
It was learned from studied investigation that waste-food products
collected with the refuse of the city might be classified into five
broad divisions, namely butchers’ and fishmongers’ offal, damaged fruit
and vegetables, damaged eggs, damaged canned foods, such as meat, fish,
milk and so forth, as well as warehouse sweepings. Over and above this
assortment, of course, came the miscellany to be found in every ash-bin
drawn from the home. To ensure the receipt of the offal from tradesmen
a special and separate collection from all retail shops dealing in fish
and greengrocery was inaugurated. Subsequently, to prevent the wastage
of swill suitable for the sustenance of pigs, a special collection from
private houses was introduced.
In every city the isolation of the swill from the general material
consigned to the dust-bin though freely urged is a somewhat difficult
issue to carry into practice. Segregation at the source is imperative
to ensure the maximum results being attained. But the Liverpool
authorities overcome the obstacle very satisfactorily. The residents
were notified of the intention of the department charged with this
duty, while officials were detailed to visit and to explain to
residents the proposals, and to extend advice upon what, and what
should not, be thrown into the dust-bin. Moreover, the City Fathers
undertook to provide each house with a special receptacle for the
swill, and to collect it at frequent intervals. Experience proved that
collection twice a week sufficed to meet every requirement.