It is in this way that I explain the cases in which the hand, being released, has not yet been able to reach the point aimed at (physically inaccessible), as well as the numerous experiments made at Varsovie in full light, with a little bell hung in different ways, with compasses of different forms, with a very small table, etc.,--experiments in which Eusapia's fingers were quite near, but did not touch, the object. I proved that there was no electric force at work in these cases, but that things occurred as if the arms of the medium were lengthened and acted invisibly, but _mechanically_. At Varsovie, when one of my friends M. Glowacki, took it into his head "that it was necessary to give the medium free rein, in order to discover her method," we had an entirely fraudulent seance and lost our time to no purpose. On the contrary, in a poor seance at l'ile Roubaud, we obtained some good phenomena after having frankly told the medium that she was cheating. And here are the conclusions of the author upon "the Cambridge frauds": 1. Not only was _conscious_ fraud not proved on Eusapia at Cambridge, but not the slightest effort was made to do so. 2. _Unconscious_ fraud was proved in much larger proportions than in all the preceding experiments. 3. This negative result is vindicated by a blundering method little in accordance with the nature of the phenomena. Such is also the opinion of Dr. J. Maxwell, and of all who are competent judges of the question. To sum up, we see that the influence of preconceived ideas, opinions, and sentiments, upon the production of phenomena, is certain. When all the experimenters have nearly the same sympathetic inclination for this kind of research, and when they have decided to exercise sufficient "control" (that is, watchful oversight) not to be the dupe of any mystification, and agree among themselves to accept the regrettable conditions of darkness necessary to the activity of these unknown radiations, and not to trouble in any way the apparent exigencies of the medium, then the resulting phenomena attain an extraordinary degree of intensity.[36] But if discord reigns, if one or more of the company persistently spy upon the acts of the medium, with the conviction that he or she must be cheating, the results are very much like the progress of a sailing vessel impelled by several contrary winds. The medium simply marks time without advancing; and little but sterile results are secured. _Psychic forces are no less real than physical or chemical or mechanical forces._ In spite of the desire that we may have to convince prejudiced sceptics, it is advisable to invite only one of them at a time, and to place him next to the medium, in order that he may be at once astonished, shaken, and convinced. But in general this is not worth the trouble.