Bull-fights, 7, 16, 87, 139. Butterflies, 59, 65, 121, 125, 261, 273-279. Cacafuego, 82. _Cacique_ (chieftain), 196, 199, 235. Cajamarca, 69, 71, 186. Cajamarquilla, 104. Calancha, 50, 300. _See_ Chimus. Callao, 15, 85, 86, 100, 101. _Camarones_ (crayfish), 121. Candia, Pedro de, 68. _Cantut_ (flower of Incas), 172, 200. Caras, 197. _Carbunculo_ (mythical animal), 273. Carnac, 164. Carranza, Angela, 93. Carvajal, 74. Casma, 27. Cavillaca, 44. _Cazuela_ (soup), 24, 109. Cecropia, 281, 283. Cerro de Pasco, 153. Chancas, 199. Chanchan, _See_ Chimus. Chachapoyas, 198. Chasca, _See_ Dawn. _Chasqui_ (runners), 184. _See_ Sun, messengers of the. _Cheireoque_ (bird), 129. Chibchas, 197. _Chicha_ (beverage), 45, 69, 171, 180, 207, 210, 212, 222. Chile, 54, 89, 121, 129, 197. Chimus, 47-52, 186, 300. Chincha Islands, _See_ guano. Chinchaycocha, Lake of, 166. Chinchilla, 4, 24, 155. _Chirimoya_ (fruit), 53, 57. Chorillos, 103. _Chulpas_ (towers of the dead), 184. Churches, 21, 78, 87-88, 97, 99, 100, 111, 112, 138, 215. _See_ convents, Dominicus, Franciscans, Indians, Inquisition, Jesuits, Lima, Santa Rosa, Spain. _Cinchona_ (quinine), 6, 251, 303. _Ciruelas_ (fruit), 23, 62. Civilizations, ancient, _See_ Indian races. Coal, 7, 168. Coast, aborigines of, 37; birds of, _see_ ocean; characteristics of, 3, 4, 16-18; climate of, 29-30; geology of, 15, 20, 40, _see_ earthquake; inhabitants of, 15-16; towns of, 21-24. _See_ desert. Coati, 172. _Coca_ (cocaine), 6, 93, 181, 207, 212, 224. Columbus, 76, 233. Con, 30, 175, 177, 178. Condamine, 236, 303. Condor, 6, 140, 144, 157-158, 160, 199, 210. Condorcanqui, _See_ Tupac Amaru. Coniapuyara, 236. Combos, 287. Conquerors, _See_ Spaniards. Conquest, Spanish, bibliography of, 302-303. Convents, closed, 114-119; open, 113-114, _see_ Franciscans; of Sun-Virgins, _see_ Sun, Virgins of the. Cordillera, 4, 72, 77, 103, 131, 227, 303. _See_ Andes. _Corequenque_ (bird), 190. Coricancha, _See_ Sun, temples of the. Cotton, 6, 32, 35, 43, 52. _Coya_ (wife of Inca), 204, 207. _Coyaraymi_ (marriage-day), 207. _Cuculis_ (desert doves), 122. _Cueca_ (dance), 58. Cuntisuyu, 186. _Curacas_ (governors), 211, 212. _Cushma_ (garment), 237. Cusicuari, 290. Cuzco, 67, 166, 174, 178, 179, 182, 184, 196, 197, 199, 200, 204, 206, 210, 217, 220, 223. Darwin, 169, 254, 303. Dawn (Chasca), 203, 205; lodgings of the, 178. Desert, 3, 4, 5, 25-26; aborigines of, 37; climate of, 29-30, _see garuas_; emptiness of, 30; legends of, 36; lifelessness of, 30-31; phenomena of, 26-29; character of, 32; rivers of, _see_ rivers; ruins of, 35; showers in, 31; valleys of, _see_ valleys; vultures of, _see gallinazos_. Desaguadero, 169. Dominicus (Santo Domingo), 88, 116, 117, 223. Drake, Francis, 82, 302. Dürer, Albrecht, 77. Earthquake, 4, 15, 27-29, 41, 44, 55, 63, 67, 99-102. Ecuador, 71, 197.