Facing-bolt lock, 315 ---- points, 20 ---- ---- distance, 20 ---- point locks, 22 Fang clips, 224 Fastenings, 218 Fences enclosing line, 14, 73 ---- on bridges, 10 ---- on road approaches, 10 Fish bolts, 203, 220 ---- plates, 188, 203 ---- plate liners, 206 Flag signals, 313 Flag-top culverts, 76 Flange rail, 191 Floor or deck of girder bridges, 133 Floors for goods-sheds, 280 Flying junction, 231 Fog or detonator signals, 334 Footbridges, 26, 147, 149 Footings of foundations, 111 Foundations, 111 Four-line system, 351 G Gantry crane, 294 Gate-alarm, 336 Gates for level crossings, 74 Gauge of railways, 37, 38 Girder bridges, 110 Glazed roofs over platforms, 272 Goliath crane, 297 Goods-sheds, 273 Government grants to railways, 349 ---- Standing Orders, 4, 6 Gradient alterations, 12 Gradients, 42 ---- influencing loads, 43 ---- in tunnels, 166 Gravel ballast, 225 ---- foundations, 113 Guard-rails, 51 Guide-piles, 127 H 363 Half-round sleepers, 211 Hand-brakes on trucks, 46 Headings in tunnels, 169 Headway and span of public-road bridges, 10 Height of platforms, 24 Heights of embankments, 10 High-level viaduct, 81, 83 High-speed running, 354 Home signals, 18, 314 Houses of labouring classes, 10 I Inclination of ramps, 26 Inside keys for chairs, 207 Inspection of new line, 18 ---- of tunnel work, 176 Interlocking of signals, 22, 314, 330 Iron-tube tunnels, 179 Island-platform station, 258 J Jack-arches of brickwork, 145 ---- of concrete, 139 Jib crane, 296 Jim Crow, 239 Junction signals, 20, 323 ---- with existing line, 6 K Keys for chairs, 207 Kinsua Viaduct, 97 L Lavatories and conveniences, 260 Laying permanent way, 225 Level crossings, 10 Life of steel rails, 193 Lift-bridge, 87 Light railways standard gauge, 41 Limits of deviation, 6, 16 Loa Viaduct, 102 Loads of locomotive engines, 44 Location of railway, 1 Lock and block signals, 342, 353 Longitudinal sleepers, 210 Low viaduct arching, 129 Low-level viaduct, 81, 83 M Made ground, 111 Marking steel rails, 195 Mechanical drills, 172 ---- gates, 335 Mile-posts, 30 N Names of stations, 24 Narrow-gauge railways, 40 Natural features of country, 1 ---- ground, 111 Navigable rivers, 81 O Occupation bridges, 110 Ordinary crossing, 235 Ordnance maps, 3 Outside guard-rails, 53 ---- keys for chairs, 207 Over-line arch bridges, 103 P