The Foot-prints of the Creator : $b or, The Asterolepis of Stromness
John Stuart Mill · en
represented—scepticism itself being the actuary in the case—by three
units, that Hume and La Place have framed their argument. Miracles _may_
have taken place,—the probabilities against them, stated in their most
extreme and exaggerated form, are by no means many or strong; but we are
nevertheless not to believe that they _did_ take place, simply because
miracles they were. Now, the effect of the establishment of a principle
such as this would be simply, I repeat, the destruction of the ability
of transmitting certain beliefs, however well founded originally, from
one set or generation of men to another. These beliefs the first set
or generation might, on La Place’s own principles, be compelled to
entertain. The evidence of the senses, however wonderful the event
which they certified, is not, he himself tells us, to be resisted. But
the conviction which, on one set of principles, these men were on no
account to resist, the men that came immediately after them were, on
quite another set of principles, on no account to entertain. And thus
the anti-miracle argument, instead of leading, as all true philosophy
ought, to an exact correspondence between the realities of things and
the convictions received by the mind regarding them, palpably forms a
bar to the reception of beliefs, adequate to the possibilities of actual
occurrence or event, and so constitutes an imperfection or flaw in the
mental economy, instead of working an improvement. And, in accordance
with this view, we find that in the economy of minds of the very highest
order this imperfection or flaw has had no place. Locke studied and wrote
upon the subject of miracles proper, and exhibited in his “Discourse”
all the profundity of his extraordinary mind; and yet Locke was a
believer. Newton studied and wrote on the subject of miracles of another
kind,—those of prophecy; and he also, as shown by his “Observations on
the Prophecies of Daniel and the Apocalypse,” was a believer. Butler
studied and wrote on the subject of miracles, chiefly in connection with
“Miraculous Revelation;” and he also was a believer. Chalmers studied
and wrote on the subject of miracles in his “Evidences,” after Hume, La
Place, and Playfair had all promulgated their peculiar views regarding
it; and he also was a believer. And in none of the truly distinguished
men of the present day, though all intimately acquainted with the
anti-miracle argument, is this flaw or imperfection found to exist: on
the contrary, they all hold, as becomes the philosophic intellect and
character, that whatever is possible may occur, and that whatever occurs
ought, on the proper evidence, to be believed.