BUGLE-WEED (_Lycopus Virginicus_). This is variously known as Water-hoarhound and Water-bugle. It is sedative and tonic, as well as astringent, and is employed in hemorrhages and in incipient phthisis. _Dose_--Of the infusion, one to two ounces; of the fluid extract, fifteen to twenty-five drops; of the concentrated principle, Lycopin, one-half to one grain. [Illustration: Fig. 125. Canada Fleabane. ] CANADA FLEABANE (_Erigeron Canadense_). The leaves and flowers are used. This plant, sometimes known as Colt's-tail, Pride-weed, or Butter-weed, is astringent, and has been efficiently employed in uterine hemorrhages. _Dose_--Of the infusion (two ounces of the herb to one pint of water), one to two ounces; of the oil, five to ten drops on sugar, repeated at intervals of from one to four hours. CATECHU (_Acacia Catechu_). A tincture of this plant is a pure, powerful astringent, and is especially useful in chronic diarrhea, chronic catarrh, and chronic dysentery. _Dose_--Of the powder, five to twenty grains; of the tincture, one-half to two teaspoonfuls. TANNIN (_Acidum, Tannicum_). This acid has a wide range of application. It is used as an astringent. _Dose_--One to five grains. GALLIC ACID (_Acidum Gallicum_). This remedy is used chiefly in hemorrhages. _Dose_--Three to five grains. In severe hemorrhages, this quantity should be administered every half hour, until the bleeding is checked. CARMINATIVES. Carminatives are medicines which allay intestinal pain, arrest or prevent griping caused by cathartics and exert a general soothing effect. They are aromatic, and to a certain extent, stimulant. ANISE-SEED (_Pimpinella Anisum_). Anise is a pleasant, aromatic carminative, and is used in flatulent colic. _Dose_--Of the powdered seed, ten to fifteen grains; of the infusion (a teaspoonful of seed to a gill of water), sweetened, may be given freely; of the oil, five to ten drops on sugar. FENNEL-SEED (_Anethum Foeniculum_). This is one of our most grateful aromatics, and is sometimes employed to modify the action of senna and rhubarb. _Dose_--Same as that of anise-seed. GINGER (_Zingiber Officinale_). The root is the part used. This is a grateful stimulant and carminative. _Dose_--Of the powder, ten to twenty grains; of the infusion, one teaspoonful in a gill of water; of the tincture, twenty to thirty drops; of the essence, ten to fifteen drops; of the syrup, one teaspoonful. WINTERGREEN (_Gaultheria Procumbens_). The leaves are used. This plant possesses stimulant, aromatic, and astringent properties. The essence of Wintergreen is carminative, and is used in colics. _Dose_--Of the essence, one-half to one teaspoonful in sweetened water; of the oil, three to five drops on sugar.