[5] This term means the construction of a new play by uniting two old ones. [6] The references are to the revised edition of Ritschl. [7] A species of burlesque tragedy, called after its inventor Rhinthon, who flourished B.C. 300. [8] _R.H._ ii. p. 431 trans. [9] This shows that the ancient (rough alphabetical) order has been departed from. Some grammarian of the fifth century altered the position of the play on account of the reference to it in _Epid._ 213-5 (quoted above). [10] I.e. the 'Patruus' written by the old Roman (lit., 'son of the porridge-eater'). [11] These games were celebrated in April. Plays were exhibited also at the _Ludi Romani_ (September) and the _Ludi Plebei_ (November). [12] Much of the information on this head is taken from J. Brix's edition of the _Trinummus_. Leipzig, 1888. [13] This is shown in the universal classical usage of _benĕ_, _malĕ_, etc. [14] The references are to Vahlen's edition. [15] Thus the original name of Beneventum was Maleventum, i.e. ΜαλόϜεντα, accusative of ΜαλόϜεις; cf. Agrigentum from Ἀκράγας, and Tarentum from Τάρας. [16] Euhemerus of Messana, who wrote about the end of the fourth century B.C., tried in this work to show that the worship of the gods arose from the worship of deified kings and heroes. [17] The Oscan form of _Pacuvi_. [18] The term _doctus_ refers to his knowledge of the Greek laws of artistic composition. [19] After Ambivius' name appears in most of the didascaliae 'L. Hatilius Praenestinus.' Probably this person was an actor at some later productions, and his name has in this way crept into the MSS. [20] _Tibiae_ were called _pares_ or _impares_ according as they were or were not of the same length and key. _Duae dextrae_ were two pipes both playing the treble. _Tibiae Sarranae_, from Sarra, the old Latin name for Tyre, were a special form of _tibiae pares_. [21] _Mediocritas_ = τὸ μέσον, the intermediate style between τὸ ἁδρόν, 'the florid' (_ubertas_), and τὸ ἰσχνόν, 'the simple' (_gracilitas_). See W. Peterson's note on Quint. x. 1, 44. [22] For the omission of names, cf. iv. 12 (Jordan), 'dictatorem Karthaginiensium magister equitum monuit' (of Hannibal and Maharbal). [23] This means that Lucilius would represent the nom. plu. by _-ei_ and the gen. sing, by _-i_. [24] The _fabula Atellana_ was a species of farce adopted by the Romans from the Oscan town of Atella in Campania. See Livy, vii. 2, for this and the early history of the Roman drama. CHAPTER II THE CICERONIAN AGE. CICERO. (1) LIFE. M. Tullius Cicero, the son of a Roman knight, was born at Arpinum on 3rd January, B.C. 106. Jerome yr. Abr. 1911, 'M. Tullius Cicero Arpini nascitur matre Helvia, patre equestris ordinis ex regio Volscorum genere.' Cic. _ad Att._ xiii. 42, 3, 'Diem meum scis esse iii. Non. Ian.'