The Trade Signs of Essex: A popular account of the origin and meanings of the public houses & other signs
John Stuart Mill · en
Mrs. F. B. Palliser says,[89] “Queen Anne bore, as one of the supporters
of her arms, one of the savage men, wreathed with ivy and bearing clubs,
of Denmark, since designated and adopted for an inn-sign as the GREEN
MAN.” This, however, is probably not the only origin of the sign. At the
present day the sign is generally represented on Essex signboards by a
gamekeeper in a green velveteen coat. At Grays there is a GREEN MAN AND
BELL (beer-house), which is doubtless an impaled sign.
A beer-shop at Great Chesterford displays a pictorial sign--evidently of
some age--representing, apparently, the MAN AND PLOUGH. A rustic in a
green smock-frock stands at the handle of his plough, politely touching
his hat to passers-by.
At Chelmsford and Dunmow the principal inn in each of the two towns has
for its sign the SARACEN’S HEAD. The former is mentioned in the
_Chelmsford Chronicle_ for January 6, 1786. It is also many times named
in the _Trials of Swan and Jeffries_ in 1752, on account of a robbery
having been committed there. It also finds mention in Mr. Joseph
Strutt’s Essex and Herts romance, entitled _Queenhoo Hall_, published in
1808. The hero of the tale says (ii. p. 179) that “on my arrival at
Chelmsford, I went to one of the principal inns, distinguished by the
sign of the Saracen, or Man Quintain, where I took some small
refreshment.” Other examples, making five in all, occur at Danbury,
Braintree, and Thaxted. Though not described by Boyne, tokens, bearing
a representation of a Saracen’s head, and issued by John Havers at the
house of that name in Thaxted, are still extant, showing the house and
its sign to be of considerable antiquity. Mr. Joseph Clarke, F.S.A., of
Saffron Walden can recollect that, many years ago, the sign-board bore
the representation of a man’s head with a very ferocious countenance,
but the sign-board is not now pictorial. The sign owes its origin
(largely, at least) to the Crusades. It was formerly much more common
than now.