The Trade Signs of Essex: A popular account of the origin and meanings of the public houses & other signs — John Stuart Mill — John Shaqi
The Trade Signs of Essex: A popular account of the origin and meanings of the public houses & other signs
John Stuart Mill · en
The HORN Hotel in the High Street at Braintree is a well-known old
coaching inn, and has long been one of the best in the town. If the late
Mr. Joseph Strutt is to be believed, this house, at the beginning of the
present century, was known as the BUGLE HORN. In his Essex and Herts
romance, entitled _Queenhoo Hall_, published in 1808, the hero relates
(ii. p. 180) that “we took some dinner at the Bugle Horn at Braintree,
and proceeded in the afternoon to Dunmow, where we arrived before
sunset.” In any case, this sign, like that of the HORN AND HORSESHOES at
Harlow Common, is probably connected with the old coaching days. The
sound of the horn and of the horses’ shoes would be the first intimation
of the approach of a stage-coach. The latter sign, however, may have
some heraldic significance, as Larwood and Hotten mention a London token
of 1666 on which a horseshoe is represented within a pair of antlers or
_deer’s attires_. In 1789, too, it seems to have been the HORNS AND
HORSESHOES. The BUGLE HORN might easily be connected either with
coaching, hunting, or heraldry, were it not situated in Barrack Street,
*Colchester. This, of course, makes it in every way probable that it is
a military sign. Here, also, must be noticed the popular sign of the
WHITE HART. This device appears to be unusually common in the county of
Essex. Nearly every town or village of any consequence possesses an
example. At present we have no less than fifty, and twenty years ago the
number was exactly the same. London itself cannot boast of having more,
as it has also just fifty examples of the sign. The WHITE HART in the
High Street at Brentwood is in all respects the most notable house now
displaying this sign in Essex. In its best days it was a coaching inn of
great importance, and is still by far the best hotel in the town. Mr. H.
W. King has ascertained that it was in existence under its present name
in the time of Queen Elizabeth; but, looking at the house itself, he
believes it to be of still earlier date, perhaps of the fifteenth
century, or even earlier. It is certainly one of the very best examples
of an old-fashioned inn, with a central courtyard and galleries running
round it, now remaining in England. It is mentioned in the _Chelmsford
Chronicle_ for September 14, 1764, as a stopping-place for the coaches
“which set out on Monday the 27th instant at 7 o’clock in the morning
from the Black Bull in Bishopsgate, London, and at the same time from
the Great White Horse Inn[50] in Ipswich, and continue every day (Sunday
excepted) to be at the above places the same evening at 5 o’clock. Each
passenger to pay 3 pence per mile and to be allowed 18 pounds luggage,”
&c.