The training of teachers in the United States of America — John Stuart Mill — John Shaqi
The training of teachers in the United States of America
John Stuart Mill · en
They make informal statements to the school of such facts of their
experience as it may profit the other pupils to know,--concerning ways
of teaching, cases of discipline and the like,--keeping in mind always
the private character of the daily life of the school-room, and under
special warning against revelations that might seem objectionable.
Each apprentice keeps a diary of the occupation and experience of every
day, and this record is inspected by the Faculty of the Normal School.
The Faculty of the Normal School have the right of visiting the
apprentices while at work, and of giving advice and suggestion. When
the six months are over, the teacher of the school makes a report on
the work of the student. The School Board approves the system, as those
students who have been apprentices are found afterwards to be the
most capable teachers in the Worcester public schools. Students are
not forced to undergo apprenticeship, but most choose to do so. After
it is over, they return to the Normal School for six months, before
graduating.
Forty minutes each day are assigned to “Platform Exercises,” which
consist in reading, speaking, drawing on the blackboard, etc., before
the assembled school. They are found to be very useful in helping the
students to overcome nervousness. Each student can choose her own time
and subject, but at least nine must be ready to take part each day. No
exercise is to be prepared for more than four minutes, but as questions
may be asked by the teachers or other students, and criticism is
sometimes offered, they often take longer.
A new and interesting feature of the school is the children’s class
which has just been started. Between twenty and thirty children between
three and five have been admitted. No charge is made for tuition, and
it is understood that the class can be taught in any way thought good
by the Principal. This class affords a good field for child-study and
experiment in methods of elementary teaching. It is in charge of an
experienced kindergartner.
I was attentively listening to a lecture on Psychology, given by
Principal Russell, when suddenly, to my amazement, the whole class
rose and left the room while he was still speaking. To my surprise,
he did not seem at all disturbed, and he then proceeded to explain,
that finding that most students were deficient in “time sense,” such a
necessary possession for a teacher, he had adopted the plan of making
the students keep their own time at lectures.
The Normal Art School, Boston, aims at training art teachers and
supervisors for the State. Two courses are offered--one of four years’
training in the scientific and artistic branches and their practical
application to industry, and one of two years’ training for the work of
teaching or supervising Art in the public schools.
The following is a comprehensive plan of the work of this second course:
_First Year_:
1. Elements of psychology.
2. Outline course of drawing for Primary and Grammar Schools.