The Women's Victory—and After: Personal Reminiscences, 1911-1918
John Stuart Mill · en
We were getting now very near the keep of the antisuffrage fortress.
We heard of very prolonged and ardent discussions in the Cabinet on
our question, during which the protagonists on our side were Mr. Lloyd
George, Lord Robert Cecil, and Mr. Arthur Henderson, representing
severally the Liberal, Conservative, and Labour Parties. Mr. Asquith
and other antisuffragists clung to the position of simply replacing
on the parliamentary register those men who had forfeited their vote
through ceasing to be occupiers. This, however, was but rumour. What
we knew as a positive fact was that the makeshift proposals brought
by the Government before Parliament were rejected one after another.
August 13th and 14th, 1916, were days of first-rate importance in the
history of our movement. On the 13th the _Observer_, the well-known
Conservative Sunday paper, up to that time a determined opponent
of women's enfranchisement, contained an editorial completely and
thoroughly withdrawing its opposition. Among other excellent things
the editor, Mr. Garvin, wrote: "Time was when I thought that men alone
maintained the State. Now I know that men alone never could have
maintained it, and that henceforth the modern State must be dependent
on men and women alike for the progressive strength and vitality of its
whole organization."
On the 14th Mr. Asquith, introducing yet another Special Register Bill,
announced in the House of Commons a similar change of view. After
acknowledging in a very handsome way the great national value of the
services rendered by women to their country during the war, saying
that these had been as effective as those of any other part of the
population, he added:
"It is true they cannot fight in the sense of going out with rifles
and so forth, but they fill our munition factories; they have aided in
the most effective way in the prosecution of the war. What is more—and
this is a point which makes a special appeal to me—they say, when the
war comes to an end, and when these abnormal, and of course to a large
extent transient, conditions have to be revised, and when the process
of industrial reconstruction has to be set on foot, have not the women
a special claim to be heard on the many questions which will arise
directly affecting their interests, and possibly meaning for them
large displacements of labour? I cannot think that this House will
deny that, and _I say quite frankly that I cannot deny that claim_."
We anxiously scanned these words, looking for loopholes from which
the Prime Minister might escape from giving his support in future to
the principle of women's suffrage; but we found none. This speech
in effect made the Liberal Party into a Suffrage Party; it therefore
indicated an enormous advance in the parliamentary history of our
movement.