Two men on a mill : $b The story of the restoration of Baxter's Mill — John Stuart Mill — John Shaqi
Two men on a mill : $b The story of the restoration of Baxter's Mill
John Stuart Mill · en
The old outside wooden water wheel in the winter became lopsided with
ice forming on the paddles and the uneven motion was undoubtedly
disconcerting to the miller to feel the building and the machinery
wobbling about. Whenever solid ice blocked the wheel, it was useless.
Further, the mill pond was limited in its volume of water (“head,” to
you engineers), so that when the pond was low there wasn’t very much
water to turn a large outside wheel.
Ingenious engineers of that era came up with the so-called “improved”
iron turbine to rest under the water and under the mill where ice could
not get at it and where there would always be some water in the pond to
turn it.
[Illustration: THE ORIGINAL TURBINE]
About two or three months after we started reconstruction, my friend,
George Kelley, came up with an old pamphlet put out by the J. Leffel
Company of Springfield, Ohio, dated 1870, and sure enough the pamphlet
referred to a “satisfied customer” as “J. Baker and Company, Hyannis,”
who were successors in title at that time to the Baxter boys.
I wrote to the Company in Springfield, Ohio, and much to my surprise
received a most magnificent brochure showing they were still in
business after all these years, now supplying turbines to great power
dams, but ready to build a small turbine. I thought it very interesting
that at least there was one company left that could turn out and
furnish a small turbine.
Everyone likes to play in the water, so we went to work about August
1, 1960. You can well imagine the condition of the mill. Windows were
shattered, the sills were powder, the roof practically gone, and the
building had a definite cant to the east’ard. It really looked hopeless.
Fortunately, most of the ancient machinery--the stones, gears, brakes,
and chutes--were still intact, even the miller’s little desk where he
kept his records, and the ancient bin for storage.
The beams, the corner post studs, etc. are of tremendous size and all
mortised, tenoned and dowelled, and hard as rock. The stairs were worn
paper thin; the floor was practically gone. Dirt and dust, of course,
were everywhere.
The stones are the French buhr type, which are practically impossible
to obtain today, to say nothing of the fact that probably no stone
could be obtained, except in upper New England, so many of the old
mills having been raided and the equipment, especially the stones,
taken away for steps and other decorative purposes.
[Illustration]
Eric Sloane, in his exceptionally fine and exhaustive research entitled
“The Vanishing Landscape,” refers to the pattern of the stones, meaning
the furrows or grooves cut in the stone, against which the corn was
ground.
Directly underneath the first floor of the mill were the remains of a
wooden pit, which was filled with sand, gravel, and debris, accumulated
over the years, particularly because of the raising of the adjacent
State Highway from time to time, and more or less by the action of the
elements.