Wild flowers of the north-eastern states : $b Being three hundred and eight individuals common to the north-eastern United States
John Stuart Mill · en
The very small tubular corolla is 4-divided, and dark lavender in
color; the 5-parted calyx is green. The flowers are set in whorls
about the stalk, with a space between each whorl,--beneath each ring
of flowers, and supporting it in its place, are seen a pair of little
purple-tinted bracts.
According to personal observation, the buds become dark purple in color
on the south side of the stalk before those on the north side have lost
their green. This is one of the nattiest of the Mints in growth, and is
held in especial affection by children.
[Illustration: SPEARMINT: M. virides.]
*Peppermint.* _Mentha piperita._
Found along meadow runlets and brooks,--near clear water,--in August.
The branching, leafy stalk, from 12 to 15 inches high, is square,
woody-fibred, smooth, and shining. It is a noticeably dark
purple-tinted green, sometimes reddish.
The leaf is oval with a broad base and sharp tip, the margin is
toothed, its ribs are noticeable, and texture thin, the under surface
being slightly rough, although the upper is velvety; its color is
green, toned with purple, which shows upon the upper side of the midrib
and along the edge. The leaves are set on short purplish stems, and
arranged in pairs, which grow at right angles to each other.
The very minute flower has a 2-lipped tubular corolla, the upper and
lower lips being cleft, or faintly notched, in the middle; it is
lavender, and so is the pale projecting pistil. The calyx is 5-parted,
very slightly hairy, and green-purple in color. The flowers are
arranged in compact whorls, and form a close, short, round, terminal
spike.
Its pungent odor and taste are the most commonly noted traits of this
Mint, but the rich-toned shining stalk is more worth observation.
[Illustration: PEPPERMINT: M. piperita.]
*American Pennyroyal.* _Hedeoma pulegioides._
Found, from July to September, in upland fields and pastures.
The sometimes branching stalk is slender, but strong in fibre; it grows
from 5 to 10 inches high, and is hairy to the touch. Green in color.
The small leaf is long-pointed, with a slightly toothed margin, and
somewhat roughened surface. It is medium green in color. The leaves,
on slight stems, are set in pairs, which occur closely, and at right
angles to each other.
The corolla of the very small flower consists of a downy 2-lipped tube,
the upper lip being largest, flat, and notched at the tip, the lower
3-cleft; it is lavender in color. The small calyx is 5-parted. The
flowers are set, on tiny stems, in rings about the stalk in the angles
of the leaves, forming a terminal spine.
The perfume of the Pennyroyal is carried to a considerable
distance,--were it not for this aromatic pungency the casual observer
would often fail to find its haunt, so closely does it keep itself
among the grasses of the pasture.
[Illustration: PENNYROYAL: Hedeoma pulegioides.]