Wild flowers of the north-eastern states : $b Being three hundred and eight individuals common to the north-eastern United States
John Stuart Mill · en
Found through the summer, from May to October, growing about buildings,
or in waste places.
The stalk is seldom a foot in height, branching in a bushy fashion, and
very leafy; it is slender but tough-fibred, and smooth. In color light
green.
The leaf is small and indeterminate in shape, it is cut so deeply and
irregularly as to present an aspect of being all fringed margin and no
leaf; the midrib is strong, and the texture coarse. Color, light green.
The leaves are set alternately and close together upon the stalk or
branch.
The flowers are small and yellow, arranged in a flat disc, surrounded
by a sparse number of oblong, notched, white rays. The leafy cup, which
holds the flower-head, is dry and husk-like. The heads are terminal,
and single.
This is a plant of communal habit, and profusely flowering. It has a
trick of folding down its rays at night, and is a great sluggard about
spreading them in the morning. After the rays age and fall, the disc
becomes cone-shaped. “It has taken up its place by the roadside, close
to the ruts--in bad taste.” (Thoreau’s Journal for June 25, 1852.)
[Illustration: MAY-WEED: Anthemis Cotula.]
*Dwarf Dandelion.* _Krigia Virginica._
Found from May to August on sandy banks and roadsides, and in pastures.
The several flower-stems rise from a mat of root-leaves; they vary from
3 to 10 inches in height, and are very slender, hairy, and green.
The earlier leaf is round, with an entire margin, and set on a very
short stem; the later is oblong and narrow, with a sometimes notched
margin, and scattering hairs upon the edge, and a thin texture. The
color is light green. Later in the season a few slender leaves are
found on the flower-stems.
The flowers are all ray flowers, 12 to 20 in number, small, with very
finely-notched tips; rich orange, yellow in color. The cup which holds
the head is small and tubular; its spreading row of tips is a little
shorter than the rays; green in color.
The dark seed with its 5 or 7 rounded scales and an equal number of
long thread-like white bristles is a charming feature of this delicate
little plant. Sometimes the flower-stems fork, and bear two heads.
[Illustration: DWARF DANDELION: Krigia Virginica.]
*Ox Eye Daisy.* _Chrysanthemum Leucanthemum._
*White Weed.*
*Bull’s Eye.*
Found from June to October in fields, meadows, and roadsides, growing
most abundantly in poor soil.
The stalk, whose height varies from 10 to 18 inches, is often single
but sometimes sparsely branching, and bears but few leaves; it is of a
tough fibre, sometimes grooved, and smooth. Light green in color.
The root-leaves are round-tipped, infrequently cut, and are set on
stems; the upper leaves are very irregular in shape, and capriciously
cleft or cut; the margins are entire, the texture tough, and the midrib
strong. They clasp the stalk at intervals, alternately. Green in color.