Wild flowers of the north-eastern states : $b Being three hundred and eight individuals common to the north-eastern United States
John Stuart Mill · en
The flowers are small, tubular, and yellow; they are packed evenly
in a disc shaped liked a flat button (it becomes more conical with
maturity), surrounded by a single row of about 25 rays. These rays
are noticeably long, of a fine texture; pure white in color. The
flower-head is supported by a mat of green taper-pointed bracts, whose
tips are often rusty; it is set singly on the summit of the stalk.
This sturdy colonizer, the farmer’s pest and children’s delight,
frequently usurps a whole field, where it thrives and blooms till
frost-time in spite of draughts or flood. Double Daisies and
conical-shaped discs are occasionally found, besides other variations
from the regular order. The leafage is interesting, and individual in
gesture.
[Illustration: OX EYE DAISY: Chrysanthemum Leucanthemum.]
*Early Hawkweed.* _Hieracium venosum._
*Rattlesnake-weed.*
Found in June in the shade of dry woods, or on barren hilltops and
pastures.
The flower-stem springs from a rosette of foot-leaves; it grows from 1
to 2 feet high, bears but one leaf midway, and is smooth and shining.
Of a light green color, with flecks of crimson at the leaf, and near
the foot.
The foot-leaf is large (from 1 to 3 inches long), a long oval with a
pointed tip, the midrib is wide, flat, and hairy, the prolonged base,
or short stem, is partly clasping; the margin is entire and fringed
with gray hairs, the texture is leathery. In color a dull light green,
while the edge, ribs, and underside are red-purple. The single leaf on
the flower-stem is long, narrow, and smooth; of a dull green color.
The flower is like a ribbon (or “strap-shaped”) with a finely notched
tip; of fine texture, and smooth. The color is a bright Dandelion
yellow. 20 or more of these flowers are arranged in a spreading head,
enclosed in a leafy light green cup, whose tips are tawny-red. The
heads are set on long, slender stems, which fork from the main stem,
with a tiny leaf sitting at the point of junction.
This jaunty plant, though found in the open, likes also the shade,
where yet it never fails to swing its yellow heads out towards the
sunshine. Sometimes the foot-leaves are wanting, and the flower-stem
rises from the bare ground.
[Illustration: EARLY HAWKWEED: Hieracium venosum.]
*Canada Hawkweed.* _Hieracium Canadense._
Found, during August and September, growing along roads and thickets in
dry shade.
The stalk, which grows to 2 or 3 feet high, is simple at first, but
branches above, and is leafy; it is round, hard-fibred, smooth--but
downy near the flowers. In color a light green, pale near the foot.