Overtones, a book of temperaments : $b Richard Strauss, Parsifal, Verdi, Balzac, Flaubert, Nietzsche, and Turgénieff
Nietzsche · en
Capraja is intimate with a musician from Cremona who lives in
the Capello palace; this musician believes that sound encounters
within us a substance analogous to that which is engendered by
the phenomena of light, and which produces ideas in us. According
to him man has keys within, which sounds affect, and which
correspond to our nerve centres from which our sensations and
ideas spring. Capraja, who looks upon the arts as a collection
of the means whereby man can bring external nature into harmony
with a mysterious internal nature, which he calls an inward life,
has adopted the idea of this instrument maker, who is at this
moment composing an opera. Imagine a sublime creation in which
the marvels of visible creation are reproduced with immeasurable
grandeur, lightness, rapidity, and breadth, in which the sensations
are infinite, and to which certain privileged natures, endowed
with a divine power, can penetrate—then you will have an idea
of the ecstatic delights of which Cataneo and Capraja, poets in
their own eyes only, discoursed so earnestly. But it is true also
that as soon as a man, in the sphere of moral nature, oversteps
the limits within which plastic works are produced by the process
of imitation, to enter into the kingdom, wholly spiritual, of
abstractions, where everything is viewed in its essence and in
the omnipotence of results, that man is no longer understood by
ordinary intellects.
The foregoing paragraph, rather inflated and tortuous in style, was
thoroughly disliked by the great critic Sainte-Beuve, who never would
recognize the great genius of Balzac, the romantic rather than the
realist in this book. The composer referred to must be Gambara, for
Massimilla Doni, after the death of the Duke of Cataneo, weds young
Varese and assists the unfortunate Gambara in Paris. Massimilla Doni
was finished May 25, 1839. Its concluding paragraph is a masterpiece
of irony. After the love of Varese and Massimilla came the usual
anti-climax. Balzac writes, in a passage of unexampled splendor:
“The peris, nymphs, fairies, sylphs of the olden time, the muses of
Greece, the marble Virgins of the Certosa of Pavia, the Day and
Night of Michael Angelo, the little angels that Bellini first drew at
the foot of church paintings, and to whom Raphael gave such divine
form at the foot of the Vierge au donataire, and of the Madonna
freezing at Dresden; Orcagna’s captivating maidens in the Church
of Or San Michele at Florence, the heavenly choirs on the tomb of
St. Sebald at Nuremberg, several Virgins in the Duomo at Milan, the
hordes of a hundred Gothic cathedrals, the whole nation of figures
who ruin their shapes to come to you, O all-embracing artists—all
these angelic incorporeal maidens rushed to Massimilla’s bed and wept
there.”