In my youth he says I had a wonderful desire for the wisdom
which people call natural science--peri physeôs historian.+
It seemed to me a proud thing to know the causes of every matter:
how it comes to be; ceases to be; why it is. I lost my sight in
this enquiry to the degree of un-learning what I had hitherto
seemed to myself and others to know clearly enough. But having
heard one reading from a book written, as he said, by Anaxagoras,
which said that it is Reason that arranges and is the cause of
all things, I was delighted with this cause; and thought to
myself, if this be so, then it does with each what may be best
for it. Thus considering, it was with joy I fancied I had found
me a teacher about the cause--Anaxagoras: that he would show me
for instance, first, whether the earth was round or flat; and
then that it was best for it to be so: and if he made these
points clear I was prepared to ask for no other sort of causes.
Phaedo, 96.
Well! Socrates proceeds to the great natural philosopher, and is
immensely discouraged to find him after all making very little use of
Reason in his explanation why natural things are thus and not
otherwise; explaining everything, rather, by secondary and mechanical
causes. "It was as if," he concludes, "some one had undertaken to
prove that Socrates does everything through Reason; and had gone on to
show that it was because my body is constructed in a certain way, of
certain bones and muscles, that Socrates is now sitting here in the
prison, voluntarily awaiting death."