Plato and the Other Companions of Sokrates, 3rd ed. Volume 2 — Plato — John Shaqi
Plato and the Other Companions of Sokrates, 3rd ed. Volume 2
Plato · en
Answer of Menon--plurality of virtues, one belonging to
each different class and condition. Sokrates enquires for the
property common to all of them _ib._
Analogous cases cited--definitions of figure and colour 235
Importance at that time of bringing into conscious view,
logical subordination and distinctions--Neither logic nor grammar had
then been cast into system _ib._
Definition of virtue given by Menon: Sokrates pulls it to pieces 236
Menon complains that the conversation of Sokrates confounds
him like an electric shock--Sokrates replies that he is himself in
the same state of confusion and ignorance. He urges continuance of
search by both 237
But how is the process of search available to any purpose? No man
searches for what he already knows: and for what he does not know,
it is useless to search, for he cannot tell when he has found it _ib._
Theory of reminiscence propounded by Sokrates--anterior immortality
of the soul--what is called teaching is the revival and recognition
of knowledge acquired in a former life, but forgotten _ib._
Illustration of this theory--knowledge may be revived by
skilful questions in the mind of a man thoroughly untaught. Sokrates
questions the slave of Menon 238
Enquiry taken up--Whether virtue is teachable? without
determining what virtue is 239
Virtue is knowledge--no possessions, no attributes, either
of mind or body, are good or profitable, except under the guidance of
knowledge _ib._
Virtue, as being knowledge, must be teachable. Yet there
are opposing reasons, showing that it cannot be teachable. No
teachers of it can be found 239
Conversation of Sokrates with Anytus, who detests the
Sophists, and affirms that any one of the leading politicians can
teach virtue 240
Confused state of the discussion. No way of acquiring
virtue is shown _ib._
Sokrates modifies his premisses--knowledge is not the only thing
which guides to good results--right opinion will do the same _ib._
Right opinion cannot be relied on for staying in the mind,
and can never give rational explanations, nor teach others--good
practical statesmen receive right opinion by inspiration from the
Gods 241
All the real virtue that there is, is communicated by
special inspiration from the Gods 242
But what virtue itself is, remains unknown _ib._
Remarks on the dialogue. Proper order for examining the
different topics, is pointed out by Sokrates _ib._
Mischief of debating ulterior and secondary questions when
the fundamental notions and word are unsettled _ib._
Doctrine of Sokrates in the Menon--desire of good alleged
to be universally felt--in what sense this is true 243
Sokrates requires knowledge as the principal condition of
virtue, but does not determine knowledge, of what? 244
Subject of Menon; same as that of the Protagoras--diversity
of handling--Plato is not anxious to settle a question and
get rid of it 245