Aristotle assumes without proof, that there are some propositions true, others false 249 Plato in the Sophistês has undertaken an impossible task--He could not have proved, against his supposed adversary, that there _are_ false propositions _ib._ What must be assumed in all dialectic discussion 251 Discussion and theorising presuppose belief and disbelief, expressed in set forms of words. They imply predication, which Antisthenes discarded 252 Precepts and examples of logical partition, illustrated in the Sophistês 253 Recommendation of logical bipartition 254 Precepts illustrated by the Philêbus _ib._ Importance of founding logical Partition on resemblances perceived by sense 255 Province of sensible perception--is not so much narrowed by Plato here as it is in the Theætêtus 256 Comparison of the Sophistês with the Phædrus 257 Comparison of the Politikus with the Parmenidês 258 Variety of method in dialectic research--Diversity of Plato 259 CHAPTER XXX. POLITIKUS. The Politikus by itself, apart from the Sophistês 260 Views of Plato on mensuration. Objects measured against each other. Objects compared with a common standard. In each Art, the purpose to be attained is the standard _ib._ Purpose in the Sophistês and Politikus is--To attain dialectic aptitude. This is the standard of comparison whereby to judge whether the means employed are suitable 261 Plato's defence of the Politikus against critics. Necessity that the critic shall declare explicitly what his standard of comparison is 262 Comparison of Politikus with Protagoras, Phædon, Philêbus, &c. _ib._ Definition of the statesman, or Governor. Scientific competence. Sokratic point of departure. Procedure of Plato in subdividing 263 King during the Saturnian period, was of a breed superior to the people--not so any longer 264 Distinction of causes Principal and Causes Auxiliary. The King is the only Principal Cause, but his auxiliaries pretend to be principal also 266 Plato does not admit the received classification of government. It does not touch the point upon which all true distinction ought to be founded--Scientific or Unscientific 267 Unscientific governments are counterfeits. Government by any numerous body must be counterfeit. Government by the one scientific man is the true government 268 Fixed laws, limiting the scientific Governor, are mischievous, as they would be for the physician and the steersman. Absurdity of determining medical practice by laws, and presuming every one to know it 269 Government by fixed laws is better than lawless government by unscientific men, but worse than lawless government by scientific men. It is a second-best _ib._ Comparison of unscientific governments. The one despot is the worse. Democracy is the least bad, because it is least of a government 270 The true governor distinguished from the General, the Rhetor, &c. They are all properly his subordinates and auxiliaries 271