false, determinable only by opinion in each separate case. Plato, Repub. v. p. 479 C-D: [Greek: ou)/t' ei)=nai ou)/te mê\ ei)=nai ou)de\n au)tô=n dunato\n pagi/ôs noê=sai, ou)/te a)mpho/tera ou)/te ou)de/teron . . . Ta\ tô=n pollô=n polla\ no/mima, kalou= te pe/ri kai\ tô=n a)/llôn, metaxu/ pou kulindei=tai tou= te mê\ o)/ntos kai\ tou= o)/ntos ei)likrinô=s.] Of the distinction here drawn in general terms by Plato, between the pure unchangeable Form, and the subordinate classes of particulars in which that Form is or appears to be embodied, the reasoning above cited respecting truth-telling and giving back a deposit is an example.] [Side-note: Explanation by Polemarchus--Farther interrogations by Sokrates--Justice renders what is proper and suitable: but how? in what cases, proper? Under what circumstances is Justice useful?] _S._--Simonides meant to say (you tell me) that Justice consists in rendering benefits to your friends, evil to your enemies: that is, in rendering to each what is proper and suitable. But we must ask him farther--Proper and suitable--how? in what cases? to whom? The medical art is that which renders what is proper and suitable, of nourishment and medicaments for the health of the body: the art of cookery is that which renders what is proper and suitable, of savoury ingredients for the satisfaction of the palate. In like manner, the cases must be specified in which justice renders what is proper and suitable--to whom, how, or what?[5] _P._--Justice consists in doing good to friends, evil to enemies. _S._--Who is it that is most efficient in benefiting his friends and injuring his enemies, as to health or disease? _P._--It is the physician. _S._--Who, in reference to the dangers in navigation by sea? _P._--The steersman. _S._--In what matters is it that the just man shows his special efficiency, to benefit friends and hurt enemies?[6] _P._--In war: as a combatant for the one and against the other. _S._--To men who are not sick, the physician is of no use nor the steersman, to men on dry land: Do you mean in like manner, that the just man is useless to those who are not at war? _P._--No: I do not mean that. Justice is useful in peace also. _S._--So also is husbandry, for raising food--shoemaking, for providing shoes. Tell me for what want or acquisition justice is useful during peace? _P._--It is useful for the common dealings and joint transactions between man and man. _S._--When we are engaged in playing at draughts, the good player is our useful co-operator: when in laying bricks and stones, the skilful mason: much more than the just man. Can you specify in what particular transactions the just man has any superior usefulness as a co-operator? _P._--In affairs of money, I think. _S._--Surely not in the employment of money. When you want to buy a horse, you must take for your assistant, not the just man, but one who knows horses: so also, if you are purchasing a ship. What are those modes of jointly employing