First formation of the Platonic city--how brought about: difficult, but not impossible 78 The city thus formed will last long, but not for ever. After a certain time, it will begin to degenerate. Stages of its degeneracy _ib._ 1. Timocracy and the timocratical individual. 2 Oligarchy, and the oligarchical individual 79 3. Democracy, and the democratical individual 80 4. Passage from democracy to despotism. Character of the despotic city 81 Despotic individual corresponding to that city 82 The city has thus passed by four stages, from best to worse. Question--How are Happiness and Misery apportioned among them? _ib._ Misery of the despotised city 83 Supreme Misery of the despotising individual _ib._ Conclusion--The Model city and the individual corresponding to it, are the happiest of all--That which is farthest removed from it, is the most miserable of all 84 The Just Man is happy in and through his Justice, however he may be treated by others. The Unjust Man, miserable 84 Other arguments proving the same conclusion--Pleasures of Intelligence are the best of all pleasures _ib._ They are the only pleasures completely true and pure. Comparison of pleasure and pain with neutrality. Prevalent illusions 86 Most men know nothing of true and pure pleasure. Simile of the Kosmos--Absolute height and depth 87 Nourishment of the mind partakes more of real essence than nourishment of the body--Replenishment of the mind imparts fuller pleasure than replenishment of the body 88 Comparative worthlessness of the pleasures of Appetite and Ambition, when measured against those of Intelligence 89 The Just Man will be happy from his justice--He will look only to the good order of his own mind--He will stand aloof from public affairs, in cities as now constituted 90 Tenth Book--Censure of the poets is renewed--Mischiefs of imitation generally, as deceptive--Imitation from imitation 91 Censure of Homer--He is falsely extolled as educator of the Hellenic world. He and other poets only deceive their hearers 92 The poet chiefly appeals to emotions--Mischiefs of such eloquent appeals, as disturbing the rational government of the mind _ib._ Ancient quarrel between philosophy and poetry--Plato fights for philosophy, though his feelings are strongly enlisted for poetry 93 Immortality of the soul affirmed and sustained by argument--Total number of souls always the same _ib._ Recapitulation--The Just Man will be happy, both from his justice and from its consequences, both here and hereafter 94 CHAPTER XXXVI. REPUBLIC--REMARKS ON ITS MAIN THESIS. Summary of the preceding chapter 95 Title of the Republic, of ancient date, but only a partial indication of its contents 96 Parallelism between the Commonwealth and the Individual 96 Each of them a whole, composed of parts distinct in function and unequal in merit 97