Platonism in English poetry of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries — Plato — John Shaqi
Platonism in English poetry of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries
Plato · en
“quickned with near Union
With God, that now wish’d for vitalitie
Is so encreas’d, that infinitely sh’ has fun
Herself, her deep’st desire unspeakably hath wonne.
“And deep desire is the deepest act,
The most profound and centrall energie,
The very selfnesse of the soul, which backt
With piercing might, she breaks out, forth doth flie
From dark contracting death, and doth descrie
Herself unto herself; so thus unfold
That actual life she straightwayes saith, is I.”
(Stz. 35, 36.)
In the “Psychathanasia” the Plotinian doctrines of the immanent unity of
The One and of the mystical union of the soul with it are not so much
present as positive arguments incorporated in the sequence of thought,
but are felt as controlling ideas in the mind of the writer. The reason
for this lies in the fact that in the argument of Plotinus (IV. vii)
these two truths of his philosophy are not specifically elaborated. To
More, however, as indeed to all students of Plotinian metaphysics, these
are the significant ideas of his system. More thus brings them in at
opportune times throughout his argument in “Psychathanasia.”
The conception of the ever present unity of The One in all things is the
fundamental idea in the first division of his thought. The tenacity with
which he clings to this doctrine is remarkable. His argument had brought
him to the point where he had shown that all life—of plants and animals,
as well as of men—was immortal. What, then, is the state of the plantal
and animal soul after death? (I. ii. 49–53.) More does not answer
directly, but replies that although men cannot know this, it is not
permitted to reason it down.
“But it’s already clear that ’tis not right
To reason down the firm subsistencie
Of things from ignorance of their propertie.”
(I. ii. 59.)
Consequently when he comes to consider man’s immortality, he says that
all the preceding argument—the general reflection on the “self-motion
and centrall stabilitie” of the soul—may be dismissed as needless.
“Onely that vitalitie,
That doth extend this great Universall,
And move th’ inert Materialitie
Of great and little worlds, that keep in memorie.”
(II. i. 7.)
It is because of the firm conviction with which he holds to the
conception of the pervading unity of The One that he expands the idea at
length in the third and fourth cantos of the first book.
The second idea, that of the mystical union of the individual soul with
The One, is an incentive to More’s thought and feelings throughout the
course of his entire argument. From the fact that the soul can dive as
deep as matter, and rise to the height of a blissful union with God, he
derives the necessary inspiration for his “mighty task.”