The dialogues of Plato in five volumes, Vol. 2 (of 5) : $b Translated into English with analyses and introductions
Plato · en
Then, my friend, we can never be right in saying that the
soul is a harmony, for we should contradict the divine 95
Homer, and contradict ourselves.
True, he said.
Thus much, said Socrates, of Harmonia, your Theban
goddess, who has graciously yielded to us; but what shall I
say, Cebes, to her husband Cadmus, and how shall I make
peace with him?
I think that you will discover a way of propitiating him,
said Cebes; I am sure that you have put the argument with
Harmonia in a manner that I could never have expected.
For when Simmias was mentioning his difficulty, I quite
imagined that no answer could be given to him, and therefore
I was surprised at finding that his argument could not
sustain the first onset of yours, and not impossibly the other,
whom you call Cadmus, may share a similar fate.
[Sidenote: Recapitulation of the argument of Cebes.]
[Sidenote: _Let us now proceed to the Theban Cadmus._]
Nay, my good friend, said Socrates, let us not boast, lest
some evil eye should put to flight the word which I am about
to speak. That, however, may be left in the hands of those
above; while I draw near in Homeric fashion, and try the
mettle of your words. Here lies the point:—You want to
have it proven to you that the soul is imperishable and immortal,
and the philosopher who is confident in death appears
to you to have but a vain and foolish confidence, if he believes
that he will fare better in the world below than one who has
led another sort of life, unless he can prove this: and you
say that the demonstration of the strength and divinity of
the soul, and of her existence prior to our becoming men,
does not necessarily imply her immortality. Admitting the
soul to be longlived, and to have known and done much in a
former state, still she is not on that account immortal; and
her entrance into the human form may be a sort of disease
which is the beginning of dissolution, and may at last, after
the toils of life are over, end in that which is called death.
And whether the soul enters into the body once only or
many times, does not, as you say, make any difference in
the fears of individuals. For any man, who is not devoid of
sense, must fear, if he has no knowledge and can give no
account of the soul’s immortality. This, or something like
this, I suspect to be your notion, Cebes; and I designedly
recur to it in order that nothing may escape us, and that
you may, if you wish, add or subtract anything.
But, said Cebes, as far as I see at present, I have nothing
to add or subtract: I mean what you say that I mean.