The philosophical and mathematical commentaries of Proclus on the first book of Euclid's elements (Vol. 1 of 2) : $b To which are added, A history of the restoration of Platonic theology, by the latter Platonists: And a translation from the Greek of Proclus's Theological elements — Plato — John Shaqi
The philosophical and mathematical commentaries of Proclus on the first book of Euclid's elements (Vol. 1 of 2) : $b To which are added, A history of the restoration of Platonic theology, by the latter Platonists: And a translation from the Greek of Proclus's Theological elements
Plato · en
But to begin with our enquiry: in the first place, without universals
there can be no science; for the flowing and perishing nature of
particulars is perfectly foreign from that stability and duration which
is requisite to objects of invariable truth. Neither is it possible,
that infinite individuals can exist without the subsistence of one
cause endued with infinite power; for all multitude must necessarily
originate from one, and must resemble its cause in as great a degree of
perfection as its nature can admit; by a diffused infinity, shadowing
forth that infinite power which subsists in indivisible union. Hence,
if this be the case, and if infinite men, horses, and a multitude
of other univocals, are produced in an infinite time, an unity of
infinite power must be the source of each, according to which they are
generated in a terminated manner to infinity in the universe. Again,
all animals are transmuted from that which is in capacity (i. e. seed),
into energy. But if this be true, it is requisite there should be some
animal in the universe, subsisting in ever-vital energy, which may
call forth that which is concealed in dormant capacity, into perfect
actuality. Thirdly, the celestial orbs would not perpetually revolve
in the same spaces, and after the same manner, unless one and the same
universal number, or idea, ruled in each. So, likewise, there is a
natural number in every animal; or those of the same species, would
not always (when perfect) be distinguished with the same invariable
organs; nor would they be subject to puberty and old age, at the same
time, unless they were detained by the same measure of nature. Besides,
the participation of universals, is evident in every sensible object.
Thus, the rational nature is united with every individual man. Thus,
animal subsists in a lion and a horse, in a man and a dog. And thus
the pentad, or number five, is participated in the five fingers, and
the duad in the nostrils, eyes, hands, and feet. But since these do
not subsist without a cause, but are perfected by certain determinate
natures, it is necessary there should be an universal animal, in the
whole of nature, separate from sensibles, by means of which this
sensible animal is generated. And that there should subsist in nature
a pentad, through which the hands are always adorned with that number
of extremities; and a duad, from which the two eyes and nostrils are
derived. But if nature does not possess these numbers from herself, as
she is not the first cause of all, but derives them from another cause,
in the same manner as matter from nature, it is necessary there should
be universals and numbers prior to nature, subsisting in far greater
purity and perfection.